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反应溅射气体对Ni、Ti薄膜成膜特性的作用机制

2017-04-10连玉红张众黄秋实

光学仪器 2017年1期

连玉红++张众++黄秋实

摘要:

反应溅射是降低薄膜表面和界面粗糙度的有效手段。为了研究反应溅射过程中氮气(N2)含量对所制备的Ni、Ti单层膜成膜特性的作用机制,利用掺氮气的反应直流磁控溅射方法制备了Ni和Ti的单层膜样品。首先,采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)方法测量了Ni和Ti单层膜样品的组分。其次,基于样品的组分测量结果,结合X射线掠入射反射(XRR)方法对样品的厚度和表面粗糙度进行了测量与分析。实验结果表明,随着反应溅射中氮含量的增大,Ti膜的沉积速率呈现快速降低后迅速趋于缓慢变化的趋势,而Ni膜的沉积速率几乎没有变化,Ni膜和Ti膜的表面粗糙度都呈现先减小再增大的趋势,且在氮的含量为8%的条件下,表面粗糙度达到最小值。

关键词:

单层膜; 反应溅射; 组分; 粗糙度

中图分类号: O 434.1文献标志码: Adoi: 10.3969/j.issn.10055630.2017.01.010

The effects of sputtering gas in the characterization of

Ni and Ti monolayer films

LIAN Yuhong, ZHANG Zhong, HUANG Qiushi

(MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Microstructured Materials, School of

Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract:

Reactive sputtering is an effective tool to fabricate thin films or multilayers with smooth surfaces and interfaces.In order to study the effect of nitrogen content in the roughness of Ni and Ti thin films,the Ni and Ti monolayer films were fabricated by reactive sputtering technique with different nitrogen concentration in the sputtering gas atmosphere.Firstly,the Xray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) was used to measure the contamination of Ni and Ti monolayer films.Secondly,the Xray grazing incidence reflection(XRR) was used to measure the thickness and surface roughness of the films based on their contaminations.The measurement results show that as the nitrogen concentration increased,the growing rate for Ti monolayer decreased tempestuously and tended toward constant,but kept at a constant for Ni monolayers.The roughness on surface of not only Ni but also Ti monolayer decreased firstly and then increased as the nitrogen concentration more than 8%.

Keywords: monolayer; reactive sputtering; contamination; roughness

引言

近年来,随着中子检测技术日益广泛的应用,对到达样品表面的中子束斑的要求越来越高,中子聚焦光学装置是提供微小尺寸、高亮度中子束斑的有效工具[14],是实现大尺寸样品的微区分析和微小样品检测的必要装置,是目前国际上中子光学系统研究的热点之一。中子聚焦反射镜的面型精度和表面反射效率是提升中子聚焦束斑亮度的两个决定性因素。为了提升中子聚焦反射镜的表面反射率,必须在反射镜表面镀制中子超镜。

中子超镜是由子散射长度密度相差较大的两种薄膜交替堆叠而成的非周期多层膜器件。对于非极化中子,Ni和Ti是构成超镜最合适的材料组合。……

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