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不同中药渣对紫苏生长及酚类物质的影响

2017-04-07陈美兰申业周修腾李鹏英杨

中国中药杂志 2016年23期
关键词:生长

陈美兰++申业++周修腾++李鹏英++杨光

[摘要]中药渣营养成分丰富,是一种优质的有机肥原料,可以发酵成优质的有机肥,但是目前中药渣多数被当作生活垃圾处理,不仅占用了大量的土地资源,污染了环境,而且还造成资源的浪费。针对上述情况,该文采用盆栽的方法研究了不同中药渣对紫苏生长及有效成分的影响。研究结果表明不同种类的中药渣均能促进紫苏生长,其促进生长作用的大小顺序为丹参渣>麦芽渣>连翘渣>白术渣>丹皮渣、苦参渣,其中丹皮渣和苦参渣处理组与CK对照相比无显著性差异;不同种类的中药渣还能改善根系结构,增加叶片面积;同时不同种类的中药渣均能提高地下部分迷迭香酸和咖啡酸的含量,而对于地上部分4种酚类物质的积累量也具有提高的作用。综上所述,中药渣有机肥能够促进紫苏生长,提高紫苏酚类物质的积累量,其中丹参渣作用效果最好。

[关键词]中药渣; 紫苏; 生长; 酚类物质

Effect of herb residues compost on growth and phenols of Perilla frutescens

CHEN Meilan, SHEN Ye, ZHOU Xiuteng, LI Pengying, YANG Guang*

(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,

China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China)

[Abstract]Herb residue is postdecoction material that can be used as organic fertilizer Unfortunately, it is currently disposed of as solid waste This method of disposal is a waste of this resource and a source of environmental pollution For this case,we studied effects of six different herb residues compost on growth and phenols of Perilla frutescens by pot experiment Our results show that all six herb residues can improve the growth of P frutescens The order of their efficiencies was as follows: Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix residue>Hordei Fructus germinates residue>Forsythia fructus residue>Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome residue>Sophorae Flavescentis Redix residue and Moutan cortex residue Effects of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix residue and Moutan Cortex residue weren′t significantly different from CK Six herb residue all improve root system architecture and leaf area To phenols of P frutescens, six herb residues all increased the rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid content of root, and accumulation of four phenols All the analysis showed herb residues compost can improve the growth and four phenols accumulation of P frutescens, and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix residue had the most pronounced effect on P frutescens

[Key words]herb residue; Perilla frutescens; growth; phenols

doi:10.4268/cjcmm20162310

紫苏Perilla frutescens (Linn) Britt 为唇形科一年生草本植物,可以以茎、叶、种子入药[1],同时又是一种时尚蔬菜和保健品,是国家卫生部首批颁布的既是食品又是药品的60种药食物品之一[23]。近些年来,紫苏因其特有的活性物质及营养成分,成为一种倍受世界关注的多用途植物,市场对紫苏的需求从20世纪90年代至今呈逐年上升之势,每年以10%的速度递增,因此大力发展紫蘇产业前景十分广阔[4]。为了追求高产,在栽培过程中大量施用化学肥料,而有机肥料用量有所减少,致使产品品质下降,氮素污染加重,对市民“餐桌安全”造成严重威胁。中国农业……

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