林惠娟++周兴旺

高考英语试题主要考查同学们对英语知识综合运用的能力，而书面表达是最能直观地看出能力水平的题型，它主要测试同学们运用所学的英语知识和技能进行交际的能力。那么，同学们如何在25分钟内，展示自己熟练运用英语的能力，写出意思完整、文笔流畅、打动读者的书面表达？

一篇优秀的书面表达，其中一定应用了较多语法结构。在高中英语重点语法中，倒装句有其独特的魅力。在书面表达中，学会恰当地运用倒装句，不仅能使句子结构更加高级，还能使文章衔接自然，表达效果增强，使书面表达更亮丽。

1. 在书信或者邮件中，用完全倒装句来回顾往昔，开始话题，既自然又亲切。如：

Gone are the days when you visited our school and stayed with my family.

The wonderful summer camp has come to an end， but never will our friendship and experience fade away from my memory.

2. 在建议信，求职信或记叙文中，完全倒装句可以用于段落过渡。如：

Here comes my advice！

Here goes the story！

There are several reasons accounting for my application.

Now comes the opportunity to fulfill your desire.

3. 在记叙文中进行事件描述时，倒装句生动而富有活力。如：

Out rushed a boy angrily.

In came my fond mother， saying something inspiring.

4. 在表达相同或类似观点时，避免重复、累赘。如：

Our society has changed， as/so has our way of life. Only when we adapt ourselves to the changing circumstances can we feel at home.

5. 在说明文中，介绍国家，城市，以及景点的时候，可以用来表示强调、突出。如：

In the center of the city flows the third longest river in the world， the Yongze River， which divides the whole city into three zones.

There follows another famous tour site， the Yellow Tower， where many well-known poets wrote poems.

6. 在求职信中，可以用来表请求，显示诚意。如：

Were I granted the job， I would be quite appreciative.

Should you grant me a personal interview， I would be most grateful.

7. 在感谢信中，可以用来表示感谢，真挚感人。如：

Had it not been for your help， I couldnt have returned to school and had access to education.

8. 在議论文中，如讨论手机利弊时，可以用于表达个人观点，既肯定它的用途，又适当地过渡到它的弊端上来。如：

From my point of view， useful as the cell phone is， it is never designed for the students to kill time by playing computer games or reading novels on the Internet.

9. 在投诉信，申请信，邀请信等信件中，可以用来表明写信目的，开门见山。如：

So disappointed am I at your service that I have no alternative but to make a complaint about it.

So interested am I in the post you offer that I cant wait to apply for it.

So meaningful is the activity that I would like to invite you to participate in it.

10. 在各种文体中，表达并列的观点时，既简洁有力，又结构紧凑。如：

Not only do I have a good command of English， but I also get on well with others.

Not only does it provide me with a chance to experience a new life， but it also helps to improve my spoken English.

11. 在作文结尾表示决心，达到简洁有力的效果。如：

By no means will we give in to any difficulty.

Only if we do these three things mentioned above will we make our study enjoyable， efficient and fruitful.

冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。要培养使用倒装句写作的能力，同学们要有意识地运用倒装结构进行造句、汉译英、句型转换、缩写课文和看图写话等练习。例如我们可以这样进行倒装句句型转换。

1. We can have a good command of maths through abundant thorough explanations and practice.

[倒装] Only through abundant thorough explanations and practice can we have a good command of maths.

2. I am not good at swimming. I dont have a good command of swimming skills.

[倒装] I am not good at swimming. Nor do I have a good command of swimming skills.

3. Homestay is worth trying. It provides me with a chance to experience a new life. It also helps improve my spoken English.

[倒装] Homestay is worth trying. Not only does it provide me with a chance to experience a new life， but it also helps improve my spoken English.

4. I have missed you much. I cant wait to write to you.

[倒装] So much have I missed you that I cant wait to write to you.

5. The opportunity that you can fulfill your desire comes now.

[倒装] Now comes the opportunity that you can fulfill your desire.

句式训练，不仅可以让同学们熟练地掌握语法知識，还能帮助同学们树立一种观念：语法是为沟通交流和表达思想服务的。长期坚持，同学们就会自然而然地在写作时写出地道的好句子。

接下来我们以2015年全国Ⅱ的书面表达题为例，看看可以如何运用倒装句。

假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们过重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往。内容包括：

1. 出发及返回时间；

2. 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 结语已为你写好。

文章在开头发出邀请的时候，可以运用倒装句So meaningful is it that I am eager to share with you.表示诚意。

在中间段落谈到具体安排的时候，可以用倒装句Here are some details about our arrangements.既起到过渡作用，又概括了本段主旨，显得层次分明。

最后用倒装句Not only do these activities do good to the old， but they also enrich our school life， undoubtedly.说明本次活动的意义，吸引人参与，达到邀请的目的。

毋庸置疑，英语写作是门技术活，不是三言两语就能道出玄机，生搬硬套某些句式结构就能做好的。纸上谈兵容易，坚持实践才是最难得的。我们只有身临其境，坚持练笔，写作水平才能与日俱增。