刘波

[摘要]目的 探讨临床患者深部真菌感染菌群分布情况及耐药性分析。方法 随机选取2012年10月～2015年10月于我院送检的真菌培养标本300例进行研究，对菌株进行分离、培养、检定以及药敏试验等，检出真菌的标本类型，真菌类型，真菌在各科室的分布情况，抗真菌的药物对真菌微生物的耐药率等数据进行分析统计。结果 300例患者中，年龄55岁以上患者标本所占比例较大；真菌感染在重症医学科及血液科检出所占比例较大，在脑病科和其他科室所占检出比例较小；检出菌株类型中，白色假丝酵母菌与光滑假丝酵母菌所占比例较高，新型隐球酵母菌所占比例较小，因此真菌感染在年龄、标本类型、科室分检出的菌株类型及比例各不相同，药敏结果也不同。结论 临床患者深部真菌感染菌群分布情况及耐药性各有所不同。

[关键词]临床患者；深部真菌；菌群分布；耐药性

[中图分类号] R446.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）01（c）-0135-03

[Abstract]Objective To explore the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of the fungal infection in clinical patients.Methods A total of 300 fungal culture specimens were randomly selected from October 2012 to October 2015，the strains were isolated，cultured，tested and tested for susceptibility to fungi.Fungi type，the distribution of fungi in various departments，anti-fungal drug resistance to fungi and other microbial data analysis and statistics.Results Among the 300 patients，the proportion of the patients over 55 years old was larger.The proportions of the fungi infection in the severe medicine and hematology were relatively large，and the proportions of the fungi infection in the encephalopathy and other departments were smaller.The proportion of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata were higher and the proportion of Cryptococcus neoformans was smaller.Therefore，fungal infection in the age，specimen type，sub-types of strains detected in different types and the proportion of different susceptibility results are different.Conclusion The distribution and drug resistance of the fungus in deep fungal infection are different.

[Key words]Clinical patients；Deep fungal；Flora distribution；Resistance

深部真菌病是指由于黏膜、皮下組织、内部脏器等受到真菌微生物的侵袭，而引起的真菌感染类疾病[1]。由于长期、大量应用广谱高效抗生素以及免疫抑制剂、激素等药物，慢性阻塞性肺疾病、AIDS、糖尿病、天疱疮、尿毒症、恶性肿瘤、器官移植等疾病发病率的上升，导尿管、气管插管、化疗、放疗等方式的增加，以及老年患者免疫力低等因素，都使得真菌感染的发病率增加，对健康的危险也越发加重[2]。在临床中对真菌感染的相关检查也越来越普遍，为探讨……