朱霖+胡晓龙++陆献耀

[摘要] 目的 了解衢州市淡色庫蚊、家蝇、德国小蠊对常用卫生杀虫剂的抗性现状，为科学使用化学杀虫剂防制病媒生物提供可靠依据。 方法 溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威、敌敌畏、氯菊酯、仲丁威、乙酰甲胺磷7种杀虫剂来源于中国疾病预防控制中心。现场试虫来源于衢州市区农贸市场、餐饮场所、宾馆饭店、垃圾中转站、垃圾箱桶等，对照试虫来源于浙江省疾病预防控制中心实验室。浸渍法测定淡色库蚊4龄期幼虫的半数致死浓度，点滴法分别测定家蝇和德国小蠊的半数致死量。 结果 淡色库蚊自然品系对敌敌畏、溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、仲丁威、残杀威抗性倍数分别为16.87、13.08、9.52、7.66、2.63倍；家蝇自然品系对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、敌敌畏、残杀威、氯菊酯抗性倍数分别为13.14、6.22、5.59、5.21、4.87倍；德国小蠊自然品系对高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、残杀威抗性倍数分别为23.69、14.51、11.58、8.99、8.20倍。 结论 根据抗性判定标准，淡色库蚊、家蝇、德国小蠊自然品系对7种常用杀虫剂存在不同程度的抗性，其中德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯为高抗。

[关键词] 病媒生物；卫生杀虫剂；抗性倍数；淡色库蚊；家蝇；德国小蠊

[中图分类号] R184.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2017）01（b）-0062-04

Study on resistance of major vectors in Quzhou to common hygienic insecticide

ZHU Lin1 HU Xiaolong2 LU Xianyao1

1.Quzhou Office of Patriotic Health Campaign Committee， Zhejiang Province， Quzhou 324000， China； 2.Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Section， Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention， Zhejiang Province， Quzhou 324000， China

[Abstract] Objective To understand the insecticide resistance status of Culex pipiens pallens， Musca domestica vicina and Blattella germanica in Quzhou， in order to provide a reliable basis for using chemical insecticides scientifically for vector prevention and control. Methods Seven kinds of insecticides which included Deltamethrin， Beta-cypermethrin， Propoxur， Dichlorvos， Permethrin， Fenobucarb and Acephate were from China CDC. Field test insects were from farm product market， dining places， hotels， waste transfer station and dustbins in Quzhou City， while contrast test insects were from Zhejiang Province CDC laboratory. The dipping method was used to determine median lethal concentration for the 4th larval instar of Culex pipiens pallens. The drop method was used to determine median lethal dose for adult Musca domestica vicina and Blattella germanica. Results The resistance ratios of natural strain of Culex pipiens pallens to Dichlorvos， Deltamethrin， Beta-cyfluthrin， Fenobucarb， Propoxur were 16.87， 13.08， 9.52， 7.66， 2.63 respectively. The resistance ratios of natural strain of Musca domestica vicina to Beta-cyfluthrin， Deltamethrin， Dichlorvos， Propoxur， Permethrin were 13.14， 6.22， 5.59， 5.21， 4.87 respectively. The resistance ratios of natural strain of Blattella germanica to Beta-cyfluthrin， Acephate， Deltamethrin， Permethrin， Propoxur were 23.69， 14.51， 11.58， 8.99， 8.20 respectively. Conclusion According to resistance criteria， natural strains of Culex pipiens pallens， Musca domestica vicina， and Blattella germanica have different degree of resistance to seven kinds of insecticide， in which Blattella germanica has high resistance to Beta-cyfluthrin.

[Key words] Vector； Hygienic insecticide； Resistance ratio； Culex pipiens pallens； Musca domestica vicina； Blattella germanica

蚊、蝇、蟑螂是爱国卫生工作主要关注的几种病媒生物，可引起传病、骚扰、损物等危害，且孳生场所广泛、繁殖快，化学杀虫剂是目前使用最广泛的防制手段。抗药性是因不合理的连续大量应用杀虫剂产生的，对抗药性监测是杀虫药剂合理使用、害虫抗药性治理及评价害虫抗药性治理措施等有效性的手段[1]。……