妊娠及产褥期溃疡性结肠炎管理
2017-03-18李召风贾爱芹孙琳管丽芳
李召风++贾爱芹++孙琳+++管丽芳



[摘要] 溃疡性结肠炎(UC)在青年女性中发病率越来越高,与生育年龄重叠。UC与妊娠相互影响,其疾病活动会增加患者的不孕率,导致不良妊娠结果等,因此,建议在病情缓解期妊娠。此外,妊娠过程中及产后如何维持疾病缓解、复发后的治疗、妊娠及产褥期UC患者的诊断与检查等问题受到广泛关注。本文就妊娠期患者疾病缓解期的维持、活动期的治疗及产褥期哺乳、用药等问题作一综述,为妊娠前、妊娠中及产褥期UC患者提供参考。
[关键词] 溃疡性结肠炎;妊娠;产褥期;生育率;管理
[中图分类号] R574.62 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)01(b)-0041-04
Management of ulcerative colitis in pregnancy and puerperium
LI Zhaofeng JIA Ai'qin SUN Lin GUAN Lifang LIU Tongting
Ji'nan Military General Hospital, Shandong Province, Ji'nan 250000, China
[Abstract] The incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) in young women is higher and higher, overlapping with reproductive age. UC and pregnancy affect each other, active disease may increase the risk of infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, doctors suggest delaying conception until disease remission. In addition, It has attracted our attention on how to maintain disease remission, treatment after recurrence, diagnose and examination of UC patients in pregnancy and puerperium. This article discusses the maintenance of disease remission, treatment of active UC, and the breast-feed and drugs in puerperium, in order to provide reference for woman before or in pregnancy and puerperium.
[Key words] Ulcerative colitis; Pregnancy; Puerperium; Fertility rate; Management
目前,潰疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)发病率越来越高,且青壮年居多,与生育时期重叠[1]。UC与妊娠相互影响,尤其疾病活动状态对妊娠期患者及胎儿的不良影响更加显著[2]。产褥期爆发重度UC的病例较少见,发病往往病情较重,预后差,死亡率高(约13%)。规范妊娠期UC的治疗对于降低UC患者妊娠风险具有重要意义。
1 溃疡性结肠炎对妊娠的影响
1.1 对生育率影响
就整个育龄期UC女性而言,85%~90%可正常妊娠,缓解期患者生育能力与正常人无明显差异,疾病活动期患者生育能力显著下降[3]。Miller[4]在1986年进行的一项荟萃分析显示,UC患者的正常妊娠率为83%,与健康患者无明显差别。Schulze等[5]在2014年研究显示UC患者缓解期正常妊娠率为84%,活动期患者正常妊娠率为65%。有研究表明,UC患者子女较正常人减少,可能与担心疾病加重病情、遗传后代、心理压力过大等问题恐于妊娠有关[6]。……
