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依据药敏结果调整抗生素供给与抗生素强度使用的临床研究

2017-03-16区大刚张栋武王富海

中国实用医药 2017年2期

区大刚 张栋武 王富海

【摘要】 目的 依据药敏结果调整医院抗生素供给, 研究促进临床规范使用抗生素并减少抗生素使用强度的可行性。方法 回顾性分析依据药敏结果调整前100例住院患者及依据药敏结果调整后100例住院患者的抗菌药物使用情况, 比较患者调整前后的抗菌药物限定日剂量(DDD)、用药频度(DDDs)、抗菌药物使用强度(AUD)、住院时间及基药使用率。结果 调整前的AUD及DDDs明显高于调整后, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);调整后患者住院时间较调整前显著缩短, 差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);调整前的基药使用率为38%, 低于调整后的65%, 差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 依据药敏结果调节抗生素供应, 能够规范并显著降低临床抗生素使用强度及治疗时间, 值得推广。

【关键词】 药敏实验;抗菌药物使用强度;抗菌药物使用频度

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.02.058

Clinical research of antibiotics supply and antibiotics use density adjustment in accordance with drug sensitivity test outcome OU Da-gang, ZHANG Dong-wu, WANG Fu-hai. Foshan City Gaoming District Peoples Hospital, Foshan 528500, China

【Abstract】 Objective To adjust antibiotics supply in accordance with drug sensitivity test outcome, and to research feasibility of standardized clinical use of antibiotics and low antibiotics use density. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on antibiotics use in 100 hospitalized patients before adjustment by drug sensitivity test outcome and 100 hospitalized patients after adjustment by drug sensitivity test outcome. Comparison was made on antibiotics defined daily dose (DDD), defined daily doses (DDDs), antibiotics use density (AUD), hospital stay time and essential medicine usage rate in patients before and after adjustment. Results AUD and DDDs before adjustment were obviously higher than those after adjustment, and their difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). After adjustment, patients had much shorter hospital stay time than before adjustment, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). Essential medicine usage rate was lower as 38% before adjustment than 65% after adjustment, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Antibiotics supply adjustment in accordance with drug sensitivity test outcome can standardize and remarkably reduce antibiotics use density and treatment duration, and this method is worth promoting.

【Key words】 Drug sensitivity test; Antibiotics use density; Antibiotics use frequency

世界衛生组织(WHO)制订了化学药物分类系统, 明确药物使用每日剂量作为药物使用频度的参照指标, 该系统明确要求抗菌药物平均使用率≤30%。统计资料显示:美欧等地区国家多在5%~10%, 我国卫计委参照上述标准, 明确要求抗菌药物使用频率≤60%[1, 2], 但实际情况却大大超过这一限额[3]。经验用药现象在基层医院, 尤其是县市级及其以下社区卫生单位大为盛行, 这不仅造成了抗菌药物资源浪费, 更为耐药菌株的出现及流行提供了实际资源。为此, 本院药学部决定借助医院细菌培养结果, 参照病原菌药物敏感试验情况, 实时调整药学部抗菌药物供给品种, 以期为临床抗生素使用起到规范性的指导作用, 为细菌感染患者治疗带来帮助。现报告如下。

1 材料与方法

1. 1 材料来源 参照本院院感科对医院感染病原菌的统计情况, 收集整理计算本院2014年6月~2015年6月(依据药敏结果调整前)100例住院患者及2015年7月~2016年6月(依据药敏结果调整后)100例住院患者的抗菌药物使用情况;……

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