汪琼+陈其国+胡福云+孙群+李浩

【摘要】 目的：通過突发性耳聋流行病学调查，探讨突发性耳聋的病因及其疗效的影响因素。方法：回顾性分析笔者所在医院自2010年

2月-2016年2月收治的363例突发性耳聋患者的临床资料；分析突发性耳聋患者的一般资料，将可能引起突发性耳聋的病因或相关因素进行分类，并分析患者疗效与性别、年龄、初诊时间、伴发耳鸣、眩晕、耳聋程度、听力曲线类型的关系。结果：在可能引起突发性耳聋危险因素的分类中，突发性耳聋病因中以病毒感染为主，占34.44%，其次为血管病变（21.76%）和不良心理因素（7.16%）；不同性别、伴或不伴耳鸣患者临床总有效率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；不同年龄、初诊时间、耳聋程度、听为曲线类型、伴或不伴眩晕患者的临床总有效率比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：在突发性耳聋患者中，男女发病比例和左右患耳比例无明显差异，年龄主要以中、青年为主；应根据突发性耳聋的病因，采取针对性的治疗方案，年龄越大、初诊时间越长、伴发眩晕、耳聋程度越重，疗效越差，而低频听力损失患者的疗效较好，性别、伴发耳鸣对疗效无明显影响。

【关键词】 突发性耳聋； 流行病学； 调查； 病因； 疗效

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2016.33.028 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2016）33-0055-03

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the epidemiological factors of sudden deafness，the cause of sudden deafness and its influence factors of efficacy.Method：The clinical data of 363 cases of patients with sudden deafness in our hospital from February 2010 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The general data of patients with sudden deafness were analyzed.The causes or related factors which might cause sudden deafness were classified.The relationship between patients outcomes and gender，age，time of the first visit，associated with tinnitus，vertigo，deafness degree and hearing curve type were analyzed.Result：Among the risk factors classification of sudden deafness，viral infection accounted for 34.44%，vascular disease accounted for 21.76%，adverse psychological factors accounted for 7.16%.The differences in the clinical effect of sudden deafness between different gender，with or without tinnitus were not statistically significant（P>0.05）.But the differences in the clinical effect of sudden deafness between different age，different time of initial diagnosis，different degree of vertigo，different degree of deafness，and different curve of hearing were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：In patients with sudden deafness，the differences in the incidence of sudden deafness between men and women or between left and right ears were not significant.It was mainly in young age.Appropriate treatment plan should be taken according to the causes of sudden deafness，the age of large，newly diagnosed longer，associated with dizziness，the more severe the degree of deafness，the worse the effect.There was better efficacy in patients with low-frequency hearing loss.Gender，associated with tinnitus have no effect on efficacy.

【Key words】 Sudden deafness； Epidemiology； Investigation； Etiology； Efficacy

First-authors address：Baoan District Shiyan Peoples Hospital of Shenzhen City，Shenzhen 518108，China

突发性耳聋是指突然发生、病因未明的感音神经性听力损伤，在短时间内两个相连频率听力下降超过20 dB HL[1]。在临床上，突发性耳聋为耳鼻喉科的常见急症，但国内关于此病的流行病学资料较少。突发性耳聋病因尚未阐明，患者的疗效、预后差别较大，探讨突发性耳聋的病因，对于指导诊断和治疗具有重要依据[2]。……