尼莫地平/川芎嗪双载药纳米粒的体内药动学和脑组织分布研究
2017-02-13何雯洁洪倩梁静何晓玮朱逢佳
何雯洁++洪倩 梁静 何晓玮 朱逢佳
[摘要] 制备尼莫地平/川芎嗪双载药纳米粒(NMD/TMPNPs),考察其体内药动学行为和脑组织分布情况,探讨双载药纳米粒用于提高药物疗效的可能性。该试验采用复乳法制备NMD/TMPNPs,超速离心法测其包封率和载药量,透析法测其体外释放,并以NMD混悬液、NMD/TMP混悬液、NMDNPs混悬液、(NMDNPs+TMP)混悬液为对照组,考察大鼠尾静脉注射NMD/TMPNPs混悬液后NMD的体内药动学行为和脑内分布情况。所制备纳米粒中NMD的包封率和载药量分别为(79.71±0.73)%, (1.74±0.02)%,TMP的包封率和载药量为(40.26±1.51)%, (4.38±0.16)%;制成纳米粒后,其体外释放具有缓释特点。体内药动学和组织分布主要参数:NMD混悬液、NMD/TMP混悬液、NMDNPs混悬液、(NMDNPs+TMP)混悬液、NMD/TMPNPs混悬液t1/2β分别为(1.097±0.146),(1.055±0.06),(1.950±0.140),(1.860±0.096),(2.497±0.475) h,CL分别为(0.778±0.098),(1.133±0.111),(0.247±0.023),(0.497±0.040),(0.297±0.024) h·L-1,AUC0∞分别为(514.218±60.383),(352.916±33.691),(1 618.429±240.198),(804.110±75.804),(1 349.058±215.497) μg·h·L-1;各组脑内AUC0t分别为0.301 9,0.624 8,1.068 6,1.313 0,1.046 5 mg·h·L-1。结果表明NPs延缓了NMD在体内的消除,加入TMP或制备为双载药纳米粒均可明显改善NMD体内药动学行为,并显著提高NMD脑内含量。
[关键词] 川芎嗪; 尼莫地平; 双载药纳米粒; 药动学; 脑内分布
Pharmacokinetics and brain distribution of NMD/TMPnanoparticles
HE Wenjie1, HONG Qian1, LIANG Jing1, HE Xiaowei2, ZHU Fengjia1*
(1. Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310012, China;
2. The First Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou Teachers′ University, Huzhou 313000, China)
[Abstract] This study aims to prepare nimodipine/tetramethylpyrazineloaded poly(D, Llactidecoglycolide) dualdrug nanoparticles (NMD/TMPNPs) and investigate pharmacokinetics and brain distribution to evaluate the possibility of enhancing the drug effect of dualdrug nanoparticles. NMD/TMPNPs were prepared via W/O/W emulsion solvent evaporation. Entrapment efficiency and drug loading of NMD/TMPNPs were investigated by ultracentrifugation, and drug release behavior in vitro was studied by dialysis method. The pharmacokinetic and brain distribution were studied in SD mice administered intravenously with NMD/TMPNPs in comparison with NMDsuspension, NMD/TMPsuspension and NMDNPs, (NMDNPs+TMP)suspension. According to the results, the entrapment efficiency and drug loading of NMD were (79.71±0.73)%, (1.74±0.02)%, those of TMP were (40.26±1.51)% and (4.38±0.16)%. The nanoparticles showed the property of sustained release. On the basis of the major parameters for in vivo pharmacokinetic and brain distribution, t1/2β of NMDsuspension, NMD/TMPsuspension and NMDNPs, (NMDNPs+TMP)suspension, NMD/TMPNPs were (1.097±0.146), (1.055±0.06), (1.950±0.140), (1.860±0.096), (2.497±0.475) h, CL were (0.778±0.098), (1.133±0.111), (0.247±0.023), (0.497±0.040), (0.297±0.024) h·L-1, AUC0t in rat plasma were (514.218±60.383), (352.916±33.691), (1 618.429±240.198), (804.110±75.804), (1 349.058±215.497) μg·h·L-1, respectively, and AUC0t in brain were 0.301 9, 0.624 8, 1.068 6, 1.313 0, 1.046 5 mg·h·L-1, respectively. According to the in vivo study, the pharmacokinetic behavior of NMD were markedly prolonged by adding TMP or prepared dualdrug nanoparticles.
[Key words] nimodipine; tetramethylpyrazine; dualdrug nanoparticle; pharmacokinetics; brain distribution
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20162227
川芎嗪(tetramethylpyrazine,TMP)为一类具有多药耐药逆转(multidrug resistance,MDR)调节功能的吡嗪类生物碱,具有疏通血脉、促进血行、消散淤血的功效,临床上多用于扩张脑血管、抑制血小管平滑肌痉挛等。文献表明川芎嗪具有限制Pglycoprotein(Pgp)底物外排的作用[1],可通过抑制Pgp的ATP酶活性来抑制Pgp的功能[23]。尼莫地平(nimodipine,NMD)为一类二氢吡啶类钙离子拮抗剂,临床上多用于治疗脑血管疾病[4],但其作为Pgp的底物,易受血脑屏障(bloodbrain barrier,BBB)上Pgp外排作用影响,致使其脑内浓度较低[5]。因此将TMP与NMD合用,有望提高NMD脑内浓度,但NMD和TMP简单合用,一方面由于TMP血浆清除率较高[6]且易被脑组织清除[7],限制了其抑制Pgp功能的作用;……
