朱纪元李景科程赛赛闫龙胡媛媛曹阳倪娟平刘俊王继富高梅香

(哈尔滨师范大学，哈尔滨，150025)



小兴安岭阔叶红松林局地尺度地表鞘翅目成虫群落结构1)

朱纪元李景科程赛赛闫龙胡媛媛曹阳倪娟平刘俊王继富高梅香

(哈尔滨师范大学，哈尔滨，150025)

依托凉水国家级自然保护区9 hm2阔叶红松林动态监测样地，基于陷阱法分析了该地区2015年7、8和10月地表鞘翅目成虫的物种组成、群落结构及其多样性特征。结果表明：3次调查共捕获鞘翅目成虫3 186只，隶属12科、38属、72种，其中步甲科、葬甲科和隐翅虫科为样地的优势科。群落各月间科数量为显著差异(p<0.05)，物种数量和个体数量则为极显著差异(p<0.01)。群落及优势科大都表现为中等不相似和极不相似。群落优势度指数和多样性指数在科级水平上与种级水平变化一致，各数值由大到小表现为7月、8月、10月，均匀度指数的变化则与优势度和多样性指数相反；葬甲科除8月的均匀度指数大于7月外，其他各项指数均由大到小表现为7月大于8月；步甲科除均匀度指数由大到小表现为10月、7月、8月，其他指数均由大到小表现为7月、8月、10月；隐翅虫科各指数总是7月大于10月，而均匀度指数8月最高，丰富度指数和优势度指数则为8月最低。方差分析及多重比较显示，仅个别指数在调查月份间存在显著差异。

阔叶红松林；鞘翅目成虫；物种组成；群落结构；多样性；凉水

Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(12)：57-63.

With the investigations using pitfall traps from 9-hm2dynamic monitoring of broadleaved Korean pine forest plot in the Liangshui National Nature Reserve, species composition, community structure and biodiversity were reported in July, August and October, 2015. In total, 3 186 adult individuals belongs to 12 families, 38 genera and 72 species. Carabidae, Silphidae and Staphylinidae were dominant families in this local scale area. Significant differences (p<0.05) were detected for individuals at family level between different months, and highly significant differences (p<0.01) were observed for species numbers and individuals at species level between different surveying months. Moderate dissimilarities and high dissimilarities were recognized between dominant families and communities in different seasons. Dominant and diversity indices for entire communities at family level in descending order of July, August and October, and evenness index was in ascending order of July, August and October. For Silphidae community, evenness index was revealed in descending order of August and July, then other diversity indices were in descending order of July and August. For Carabidae community, evenness index was highest in October, and lowest in August, however other diversity indices were in descending order of July, August and October. For Staphylinidae community, evenness index was the most highest in August, and richness and dominant indices were the lowest in August. But the evenness, richness and dominant indices were all higher in July than those in October for Staphylinidae communities. From ANOVA combined with multiple comparison, only few biodiversity indices showed significant differences between the survey months.

昆虫多样性是生物多样性的重要组成部分[1]，在生物多样性保护中具有重要地位[2]，尤其是鞘翅目昆虫在整个生态进程中扮演着重要的角色[3]，在维持生物多样性和生态系统功能方面具有重要作用[4]。国内外学者以鞘翅目昆虫为重点，开展区系研究[5]、生态分布调查[6]、群落结构及影响因素的探讨[7-9]，以及生境差异的多样性分析比较[10-11]，生态系统涉及森林[12-13]、草原[14-15]、农田[16-17]、湿地[18-19]和群落交错区[20-21]。生物多样性具有尺度依赖性，不同空间尺度条件下群落的物种组成和生物多样性特征可能有所差异，因而，基于多种空间尺度上的生物多样性调查研究是揭示生物多样性维持机制的重要前提。目前，基于不同空间尺度的地表鞘翅目成虫群落结构和生物多样性的研究仍然缺乏，本研究是着重于局地尺度(103～104m)[22]阔叶红松林鞘翅目成虫群落结构的调查和研究。……