张文福 方晶 刘乐群 翁甫金

(浙江省林业科学研究院，杭州，310023)



竹材发泡板热解和燃烧特性1)

张文福 方晶 刘乐群 翁甫金

(浙江省林业科学研究院，杭州，310023)

采用氧弹热值法、氧指数、热重分析法(TG)、锥形量热仪等方法分析了竹材发泡板与竹纤维板、挤塑板的热解性能和燃烧特性的差异。结果表明，竹材发泡板引燃时间最短，着火温度同竹纤维板相似，约为270 ℃，竹材发泡板和竹纤维板的热重曲线和燃烧释热曲线均有2个释热峰，竹材发泡板的热释放速率峰值为134.5 kW·m-2，氧指数43.5%，达到GB 20286—2006阻燃1级的要求，属于难燃材料范围。竹材发泡板燃烧特性指数最低，热解活化能最高，说明竹材发泡板阻燃性最好，与氧指数和锥形量热仪测试结果一致。

竹材发泡板；氧指数；热重分析法；锥形量热仪；热解动力学

Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(12)：47-50.

We studied thermal decomposition and combustion characteristic of bamboo foaming board with the differences of bamboo fiber board and extruded plate through oxygen bomb combustion heat, oxygen index, thermogravimetry (TG), and CONE. The ignition time of bamboo foaming board was the shortest while ignition temperature was about 270 ℃, similar to bamboo fiber board. The thermogravimetric curve and combustion heat release curve of bamboo foaming board and bamboo fiber board both had two heat release peak, while the peak heat release rate of bamboo foam board was 134.5 kW·m-2with oxygen index of 43.5%, reaching the requirements of GB 20286-2006 flame retardant grade 1. The bamboo foaming board had the lowest combustion characteristic index and the highest pyrolysis activation energy with better fire resistance performance, consistent with the results of oxygen index and CONE.

竹材发泡板是采用酚醇液化体系对竹材进行液化制备可发性树脂，再添加表面活性剂、固化剂、发泡剂、异氰酸酯等制备而成的一种轻质高强、保温性能优良的泡沫材料。它具有保温、耐热、在火中无穿透等优点，既能解决像聚氨酯泡沫等有机保温材料的防火问题，又能解决岩棉等无机保温材料的皮肤刺痒问题，具有广泛的应用前景[1-4]。

目前，国内外对竹材及竹质复合材料的热解[5-8]和燃烧性能[9-12]进行了较多的研究，但是对竹材发泡板的热性能和燃烧特性研究较少，仅对竹材发泡板具有较高的氧指数进行了报道[4]。因此为了更好地了解竹材发泡板的热解过程、热值和……