半夏泻心汤与小柴胡汤关系之辨析
2016-12-13龚杰
龚杰
【摘 要】 半夏泻心汤与小柴胡汤同出自张仲景的《伤寒论》。两者从主证上看似相差甚远,但是在病机、主症、用药、煎法、现代临床应用等方面却有诸多相同之处。而提出半夏泻心汤是小柴胡汤之变方的观点并从《伤寒论》原文、方剂煎法、病机主症、方中药物组成以及临床应用等方面深入探讨。充分体现张仲景从现象中探本质、灵活善变的遣方用药之法,对理解临床方药随证加减的本质有一定的指示意义。
【关键词】 半夏泻心汤;小柴胡汤;伤寒论;随证加减;灵活运用
【中图分类号】R2222 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2016)20-0001-03
The Analysis of the Relationship between Banxia Xiexin Decoction and Xiaochaihu Decoction
GONG Jie
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 220000,China
Abstract:Banxia Xiexin decoction and Xiachaihu decoction come out of Treatise on Febrile Diseases written by ZHANG Zhongjing.They have many similar parts in pathogenesis,primary syndrome, the use of herbs, the way of decoction and modern clinical applications,etc,although they they may be quite different in primary symptom.So the paper put forward such a new point that Banxia Xiexin decoction is changed from Xiaochaihu decoction and discuss it from the Treatise on Febrile Diseases,the decoction of herbs,pathogenesis,primary syndrome,herbs and modern clinical applications.This fully reflects theflexible way of ZHANG Zhongjing exploring nature from the phenomenon.This way has guiding significance to add and subtract with the certificate in clinical.
Keywords:Banxia Xiexin Decoction; Xiaochaihu Decoction;Treatise on Febrile Diseases; Add and Subtract with The Syndrome; Flexible Use
半夏泻心汤与小柴胡汤皆是出自《伤寒论》的现代临床常用方,但在很多教材中因划分的依据不同而未将两者紧密联系起来,因此初学者很难将两者联系起来进而探知两者之间的关系。笔者将从伤寒原文、病机主症、应用、药物组成、煎法来探析两方的关系,从而揭示仲景在《伤寒论》中从现象中探本质、灵活善变的遣方用药原则,对理解和运用临床方药随证加减有一定的指导意义。
1 探析半夏泻心汤与小柴胡汤关系
11 小柴胡汤之变方——半夏泻心汤 原文149条:“伤寒五六日,呕而发热者,柴胡汤证具,而以他药下之,柴胡汤证仍在者,复与柴胡汤,此虽已下之,不为逆,必蒸蒸而振,却发热汗出而解。若心下满而硬痛者,此为结胸也,大陷胸汤主之;但满而不痛者,此为痞,柴胡不中与之,宜半夏泻心汤。”
原文149条主要辨小柴胡汤误下后的三种转归以及治疗,其一为复与柴胡汤,其二为大陷胸汤,其三即为该条文重点引出的半夏泻心汤。……
