李泽荣 钟嶷 王德 东毕华

【摘要】目的了解城市供水各环节的游离余氯含量含量情况，尝试探寻市政供水的消毒水平的变化。方法由中国疾病预防控制信息系统-全国饮用水水质卫生监测信息系统提取2015年广州市市政供水单位的监测数据，采用SPSS 16.0 对游离余氯含量和氨氮含量两个监测指标进行描述性统计。结果出厂水游离余氯含量99%置信区间为[0.53，1.41] mg/L，其下限符合（明显超出）国家最低标准的0.30mg/L；管网末梢水游离余氯含量95%置信区间为[0.02，0.92] mg/L，其下限不符合（低于）国家最低标准的0.05mg/L；二次供水游离余氯含量均值为0.33mg/L，众数为0.05mg/L，明显低于上述二者，且随氨氮含量的增加减少（r=-0.22628，P=0.0473）。结论广州市政供水的出厂水游离余氯含量保持在良好的水平，出厂水、管网末梢水和二次供水的消毒水平逐节衰减，要加强输配水管网的布线距离和内层变化等引起氯耗增加的负性因素的综合分析和适宜解决，同时也要加强二次供水的综合管理。

【关键词】市政供水输配水管网游离余氯含量监测

Abstract：Objective To sum up the level of free residual chlorine in the whole course of the city water supply， thus to try to probe the alteration of the disinfection in the municipal supplied water. Methods Data was extracted from China information system for disease control and prevention-drinking water health sub-system， and the descriptive statistics was done by SPSS 16.0. Result As for the level of free residual chlorine， the 99% confidence interval of the factory finished water is [0.53，1.41] mg/L， of which the minimum is higher than the national standard 0.30mg/L， and the 95% confidence interval of the network peripheral water is [0.02，0.92] mg/L， of which the minimum cannot reach the national standard 0.05mg/L. The means of free residual chlorine in the secondary supplied water is 0.33mg/L， and the mode is 0.05mg/L， which is significantly lower than that of the above two. Meanwhile， in the secondary supplied water， the free residual chlorine would decline while the ammonia nitrogen rises（r=-0.22628，P=0.0473）. Conclusion The factory finished water of the Guangzhou municipal supplied water hits a fairly level of the free residual chlorine， which would fade down during the whole course of supply. It is important to assess and settle the negative factor of the water supply network， and enhance the multiple management of the secondary supplied water.

Key words： Municipal supplied water； Water supply network； Free residual chlorine； Surveillance

【中图分类号】R-0 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】1671-8801（2016）05-0117-02

随着人们对生活质量和公共卫生诉求的日益提高，生活饮用水安全越来越受到重视。城市供水一般都有严格的水源管理、周密的制水工艺和系统的输配水管网，在各项监测指标中，直接反映消毒水平和抑菌能力，又能被快速反应的便是游离余氯含量。本文着眼于市政供水单位的出厂水、管网末梢水和二次供水的游离余氯含量水平，并从计量角度上进行分析，以提供相关监测反应的现场依据。……