陈俊驰+郭玲++张玲

[摘要] 目的 调查泸州市燃煤污染型氟斑牙患病状况，为燃煤型氟斑牙的预防及美容修复提供理论依据。 方法 按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案》中氟斑牙诊断及分类标准，抽取泸州市2060例居民进行调查，调查计算居民氟斑牙患病率、氟斑牙指数。 结果 氟斑牙总患病率为38.5%，居民氟斑牙指数Fci为1.01，为氟斑牙中度流行地区。不同年龄组氟斑牙患病情况存在显著差异（χ2=227.789，P<0.001），且高年龄组比低年龄组患病率高。 结论 泸州市燃煤污染型氟斑牙患病率较高，需要加强防治工作。

[关键词] 氟斑牙；患病率；泸州市；氟污染

[中图分类号] R599 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2016）26-0145-03

Investigation and Analysis of Dental Fluorosis Induced by Coal Burning Pollution in Luzhou City

CHEN Junchi GUO Ling ZHANG Ling LI Wangyang

Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University， Luzhou 646000， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the prevalence of dental fluorosis induced by coal burning pollution in Luzhou city， and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and cosmetic repair of dental fluorosis induced by coal burning pollution. Methods 2060 residents in Luzhou city were selected for investigation according to the criteria of diagnosis and classification of dental fluorosis in the Third National Oral Health Epidemiology Investigation Program. The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis and the dental fluorosis index were investigated and calculated. Results The total prevalence rate of dental fluorosis was 38.5%， and the dental fluorosis index Fci was 1.01， which was moderate epidemic area of dental fluorosis. The prevalence of dental fluorosis in different age groups was significantly different（χ2=227.789， P<0.001）， and the prevalence of dental fluorosis was increased with age（P<0.001）. Conclusion The prevalence of dental fluorosis induced by coal burning pollution is higher in Luzhou city， which is necessary to strengthen prevention and treatment.

[Key words] Dental fluorosis； Prevalence； Luzhou city； Fluoride pollution

地方性氟中毒是由于特定的地理环境而引起的一种地球化学性疾病，氟中毒的表现形式主要为氟斑牙和氟骨症。据资料研究显示，我国多个地区有不同程度的氟中毒流行区域，目前全国范围内的氟斑牙患者约有4000万，氟骨症患者280多万，受氟中毒威胁人口达2亿以上[1-3]。由此可见，我国居民目前仍深受氟中毒的困扰，且目前对氟中毒引起的氟骨症及氟斑牙等仍无特效药。

燃煤污染型氟斑牙是由于当地居民长期使用室内敞炉灶燃烧含氟煤，导致以牙齿损害为主的全身性慢性中毒[4]，表现为牙釉质上出现白垩色或褐色斑块，不仅影响患者身体健康，还给其带来严重的心理负担[5]。泸州市位于川、滇、黔三省的交界处，是燃煤污染型氟斑牙高发区域[6-8]。本研究对泸州市进行氟斑牙患病状况调查，有助于了解当前患病现状，为当地制订燃煤型氟斑牙防治规划和后期美容修复对策提供参考。……