不同配比复合基质对阳台盆栽紫苏生长的影响
2016-11-25吴慧阿曼尼萨汉·热西提许红军秦勇
吴慧+阿曼尼萨汉·热西提+许红军+秦勇+陈青云



摘 要:以紫苏为试材,将草炭、珍珠岩、蛭石按不同体积比配成四种复合基质,通过测定复合基质的理化性质及观测紫苏生长过程中的生长指标,研究不同复合基质对盆栽紫苏生长的影响,确定适合阳台盆栽紫苏生长的复合基质。结果表明:处理2(草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)复合基质理化性质较好,植株在茎粗、根体积、根冠比、全株鲜重和全株干重等方面均较高于其他复合基质;处理3(草炭∶蛭石=1∶1)植株在根体积、根冠比、地上部鲜重方面均最低。因此,处理2(草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)复合基质可以在进行紫苏的阳台盆栽培时使用,而处理3(草炭∶蛭石=1∶1)不建议使用。
关键词:复合基质;紫苏;生长
中图分类号:S565.9 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.10.009
Abstract: The Perilla frutescens were used as the experimental material, the peat, perlite and vermiculite were mixed to four composite substrates with different volume ratios. The physicochemical properties of four composite substrates and the growth indicators were observed ,in order to determined the mixing substrates of on growth of potted Perilla frutescens on the balcony, the different mixing substrates were researched. The results showed that treatment 2(peat∶vermiculite∶perlite =2∶1∶1)the physicochemical properties, stem diameter, the volume of root ,the root -shoot ratio, fresh weight and dry weight of the entire plant were higher than other treatments. Treatment 3(peat∶vermiculite=1∶1)the volume of root ,the root-shoot ratio, fresh weight were smaller than others. Therefore, the mixing substrates of treatment 2(peat∶vermiculite:∶perlite =2∶1∶1)could be used in the potted perilla frutescens on the Balcony, treatment 3(peat∶vermiculite=1∶1)was not recommended.
Key words: mixing substrates; Perilla frutescens; growth
紫苏(Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt )别名红苏、香苏、赤苏和彩叶草。唇形科鼠尾草属一年生草本植物,分布于我国的20多个省,具有极为广泛的资源[1]。紫苏具有降气消痰、平喘润肠等功效,在医药、食品工业上具有广泛的用途。近些年来,紫苏作为新资源植物,越来越受到重视,对其开发利用研究正成为世界热点[2-3]。有关紫苏在栽培方面的研究主要体现在以下几个方面:营养液的选择[4]、嫩枝扦插时不同沙土比例的选择[5]、抗逆性研究[6]、繁殖方法[7-8]、栽培方法等[9-12]。但是,有关紫苏进行无土栽培时,适合紫苏生长的无土栽培基质方面的研究未见报道。本试验以紫苏为试材,以四种不同配比的复合基质为栽培基质,在室内阳台条件下进行盆栽,通过对不同复合基质条件下紫苏植株生长状况进行分析比较,以期筛选出适合阳台盆栽紫苏生长的栽培基质类型,从而为紫苏进行家庭阳台生产提供一定的理论依据和技术指导。……
