脑室—腹腔分流术治疗正常压力脑积水的临床分析
2016-10-21董广宇吴春波禹婷婷王新军兰周华
董广宇 吴春波 禹婷婷 王新军 兰周华
【摘要】 目的:探讨脑室-腹腔分流术(VPS)治疗正常压力脑积水(NPH)的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析28例NPH患者VPS前后的临床资料及预后。结果:本组资料中无堵管、颅内出血、VPS相关感染及死亡病例。18例选用定压分流管者,术后出现分流不足2例,分流过度1例。随访3~12个月,显效19例,有效6例,无效3例,总有效率为89.3%(25/28)。结论:VPS可有效改善NPH患者的预后,手术病例的选择需要综合分析临床资料,选用可调压分流管可避免分流不足或过度。
【关键词】 正常压力脑积水; 脑室-腹腔分流术; 并发症; 预后
中图分类号 R742.7 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2016)6-0104-02
Clinical Analysis of Ventriculo-peritoneal Shunt in the Treatment of Patients with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus/DONG Guang-yu,WU Chun-bo,YU Ting-ting,et al.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research,2016,14(6):104-105
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS) in the treatment of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH).Method:The clinical data and prognosis of 28 patients with NPH before and after VPS were analyzed retrospectively.Result:There was no blocking,intracranial hemorrhage,VPS related infection and death in this group.In 18 cases of constant pressure shunt tube,after the operation,lack of shunt in 2 cases,shunt excessive in 1 case.Followed up for 3 to 12 months,19 cases were markedly effective,6 cases were markedly effective and 3 cases were markedly ineffective,the total effective rate was 89.3%(25/28).Conclusion:VPS can effectively improve the prognosis of patients with NPH,the choice of surgical cases requires a comprehensive analysis of clinical data,the use of adjustable pressure shunt tube can avoid shunt insufficiency or excessive.
【Key words】 Normal pressure hydrocephalus; Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt; Complications; Prognosis
First-authors address:Longgang District Peoples Hospital of Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518172,China
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2016.6.057
正常壓力脑积水(normal pressure hydrocephalus,NPH)是一种以脑脊液(cerebrospinal fluid,CSF)压力正常而脑室扩大,同时伴随认知、步态或排尿功能障碍“三联症”为特征的脑积水类型。脑室-腹腔分流术(ventriculo-peritoneal shunt,VPS)作为该病的首选治疗方法,并非每例患者均能从中受益,如何正确选择病例是治疗的关键[1]。选取2010年1月-2015年2月笔者所在医院采用VPS治疗NPH患者28例,对其临床资料及治疗效果分析,现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2010年1月-2015年2月笔者所在医院采用VPS治疗NPH患者28例,其中男20例,女8例,年龄31~66岁,平均(49.1±10.2)岁;病程2~8个月,平均(3.9±1.8)个月;有脑内或脑室出血史者13例,创伤性蛛网膜下腔出血史者12例,自发性蛛网膜下腔出血史者2例,病因不明者1例;临床表现:步态障碍者25例,认知功能障碍者7例,排尿功能障碍(失禁、夜尿≥3次)者5例。头颅CT或MRI检查显示Evans指数(侧脑室额角最大宽度/该层面颅内最大宽度)>0.3,无明显脑萎缩,提示额角周缘间质性水肿者20例。侧……
