江银辉， 张　彪， 吴昌学， 袁　清， 官志忠， 张婷婷**

(1.贵州医科大学 分子生物学重点实验室， 贵州 贵阳　550004； 2.贵州医科大学 生物工程学院， 贵州 贵阳　550004)



贵阳市5所医院呼吸科病房空气中曲霉菌种类及携带真菌病毒调查*

江银辉1， 张彪1， 吴昌学1， 袁清2， 官志忠1， 张婷婷2**

(1.贵州医科大学 分子生物学重点实验室， 贵州 贵阳550004； 2.贵州医科大学 生物工程学院， 贵州 贵阳550004)

目的： 分析贵阳市5所医院呼吸科病房空气中曲霉菌种类及携带真菌病毒的情况。方法： 采用含50 mg/L头孢霉素的马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)平板敞口置于病房 24 h后收集平板培养，检测5所医院呼吸科病房空气中曲霉菌株；采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)法提取真菌病毒DNA、纤维素吸附的方法提取菌病毒双链RNA(dsRNA)，琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测真菌病毒。结果： 共收集到曲霉菌597株，其中黄曲霉菌株467株，烟曲霉菌株90株，黑曲霉菌株40株；CTAB法未检测到DNA病毒，纤维素吸附法检测到dsRNA病毒，90株烟曲霉菌株中有11株含有dsRNA病毒，病毒电泳条带类型有2种；467个黄曲霉菌株中有24株含有dsRNA病毒，病毒电泳的条带类型有3种；40个黑曲霉菌株有9株含有dsRNA病毒，病毒电泳条带类型只有1种。结论： 烟曲霉、黄曲霉和黑曲霉菌株中携带有较多dsRNA病毒。

曲霉菌； 抗真菌药； 真菌病毒； RNA病毒； 琼脂糖凝胶电泳； 贵阳

[Abstract]Objective: To analyze the variety of aspergillus species in respiratory wards of 5 hospitals, and the mycoviruses in the collected aspergillus isolates. Methods: Potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture media plates containing 50 mg/L cephalosporin were placed in respiratory wards of 5 hospitals for 24 h, then the plates were collected for cultivating aspergillus isolates. Detection The aspergillus strains in air in respiratory wards of 5 hospitals was detected. DNA was extracted from fungal mycelia with the use of CTAB method, dsRNA (double strand RNA) was extracted from fungal mycelia using CF-11 cellulose column chromatography and agarose gel electrophoresis was adopted to detect mycoviruses. Result: In this research, 597 aspergillus isolates were collected, of which 467 wereA.flavusisolates, 90A.fumigatusisolates and 40A.nigerisolates. No DNA virus was detected in these isolates with CTAB method. There were dsRNA viruses in 11 isolates of 90A.fumigatusisolatesby CF-11 cellulose column chromatography, and there were 2 types of dsRNA viruses electrophoresis strip. There were dsRNA viruses in 24 isolates of 467A.flavusisolatesby CF-11 cellulose column chromatography, and there were 3 types of dsRNA viruses electrophoresis strip. There were dsRNA viruses in 9 isolates of 40A.nigerisolatesby CF-11 cellulose column chromatography, and there were only 1 type of dsRNA viruses electrophoresis strip. Conclusions:A.fumigatus,A.flavusandA.nigercarrya lot of dsRNA virus, which can provide the material for the study of related virus of the decline of aspergillus pathogenicity.

[Key words]aspergillus; antifungal agents; mycoviruses; dsRNA viruses; agarose gel electrophoresis； Guiyang

近年来，随着艾滋病等免疫受损人群的增加，肿瘤化疗、糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂的广泛使用，器官移植以及创伤性医疗操作等的增多，侵袭性真菌感染(invasive fungal infection, IFI)的发病率急剧上升，曲霉成为仅次于念珠菌的第2常见侵袭性真菌病病原菌，并在引起肺部感染的真菌中占首位[1-5]。……