汪俊华， 黄文湧**， 杨敬源， 刘　兰， 蒋芝月， 官志忠

(1.贵州医科大学 公共卫生学院， 贵州 贵阳　550004； 2.贵州医科大学 分子生物学重点实验室， 贵州 贵阳　550004)



贵州省少数民族地区居民乙肝防治健康教育现况及工具包设计*

汪俊华1， 黄文湧1**， 杨敬源1， 刘兰1， 蒋芝月1， 官志忠2

(1.贵州医科大学 公共卫生学院， 贵州 贵阳550004； 2.贵州医科大学 分子生物学重点实验室， 贵州 贵阳550004)

目的： 了解贵州省少数民族地区居民乙肝知识健康教育状况及影响因素，探讨乙肝防治健康教育工具包的设计。方法： 随机抽取贵州省两个少数民族县≥7岁居民共2 414人,应用自行设计的乙肝流行病学调查问卷，记录被调查者社会人口学特征，调查居民乙肝防治知识知晓、态度、行为，采用非条件Logistic 逐步回归分析乙肝防治知识知晓情况的影响因素，结合健康教育水平及影响因素提出工具包设计思路。结果： 乙肝防治知识总知晓率为22.56%，居民缺乏对待乙肝防治的正确态度与行为，影响防治知识知晓情况的因素为年龄、民族、文化程度、是否做过乙肝相关检查和疫苗接种史；根据本调查结果建议乙肝健康教育工具包服务对象分重点人群和一般人群,开发不同种类宣传材料利用传统民族特点及现代化宣传媒介等多种方式推广应用。结论： 贵州省少数民族地区居民乙肝知识知晓率低，针对性不同人群进行乙肝健康教育工具包设计及宣传应用。

贵州； 少数民族； 肝炎，乙型； 健康教育； 工具包

[Abstract]Objective: To investigate the health education status of hepatitis B in the minority nationality regions of Guizhou province, and to explore the design about health education toolkit of hepatitis B. Methods: A total of 2 414 people were randomly selected in the minority areas of Guizhou province by using multi stage cluster sampling method. All the subjects were investigated by using the self-designed questionnaire of hepatitis B epidemiology. SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis, and multivariate analysis was carried out by non conditional Logistic regression analysis. Combined with health education level and influence factors, the design idea of the tool kit was put forward. Results: The awareness rate of hepatitis B prevention knowledge was 22.56%, and the residents lacked of correct attitude and behavior to prevention and cure of hepatitis B. Multivariate analysis showed that the factors influencing knowledge level were age,nationality, culture degree, and whether he or she had a history of hepatitis B related examination and vaccination. According to the survey results, it was suggested that hepatitis B health education kit service object included focus groups and the general population, and the different kinds of propaganda materials should be developed, using traditional national characteristics and modern media, such as a variety of ways to promote the application. Conclusion: The awareness rate of knowledge about hepatitis B in minority areas of Guizhou province is low, and the design and application of hepatitis B health education kit is very important for different groups of people.

[Key words]Guizhou； ethnic minority; hepatitis B; health education; toolkit

我国是乙型肝炎发病的高流行区，因此拥有足够的知识和正确的行为是预防乙肝的重要基石[1]。……