张斌，范文澜

(南充市精神卫生中心，四川 南充　637000)



服刑人员社会支持对心理健康的影响研究

张斌，范文澜

(南充市精神卫生中心，四川 南充637000)

目的：探讨服刑人员社会支持和心理健康现状，分析社会支持对心理健康状态的影响。方法：采用随机整群抽样，选取监狱服刑人员为对象。用自制问卷、心理健康测评量表(SCL-90)和领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)收集相关信息。SCL-90总分>160判定为阳性。结果：共调查1 153人，心理健康测评结果阳性率为63.6%。与测评结果阴性人群比较，阳性者社会支持总得分及来自家庭、朋友和其它3个维度的得分均明显较低。Logistic回归分析表明，低社会支持水平明显增大心理健康问题的发生风险。包括，总得分(OR=2.09，95%CI：1.81～2.57)及家庭支持(OR=2.78，95%CI：2.51～3.05)、朋友支持(OR=1.77，95%CI：1.44～2.11)和其它支持(OR=1.42，95%CI：1.19～1.65)。结论：服刑人员心理健康问题严重，大力提高社会支持水平可能是改善其心理健康现状的有效途径。

心理健康；社会支持；服刑人员

【Abstract】Objective：To investigate the psychological status and social support of inmates and examine the impact of social support on their mental health.Methods：Participants were selected by random cluster sampling method,select the prison inmates as the object.Data were collected through self-administrated questionnaire,Self-reporting Inventory (SCL-90)and perceived social support scale (PSSS).SCL-90 scores greater than 160 decision is positive.Results：A total of 1 153 inmates were selected,and positive rate (Grand score of SCL-90>160)was 63.6%.The total score of PSSS as well as score of family support,friend support and other support were significantly lower among participants with positive results when compared to those with negative results.The results of logistic regression showed that the lower total score of PSSS(OR=2.09，95%CI：1.81-2.57),and lower score in three dimensions including family support (OR=2.78，95%CI：2.51-3.05),friend support (OR=1.77，95%CI：1.44-2.11)and others support (OR=1.42，95%CI：1.19-1.65)significantly increased the risk of psychological problems.Conclusion：Psychological problems were prevalent in inmates.Social support may play a significant role in improving the mental health of inmates.

社会支持是指个体与社会各方面(包括家庭、亲朋、社会团体等)精神和物质上联系[1]。大量研究发现，足够的社会支持能有效缓冲不良事件所产生的应激，从而减缓心身疾病的发生和发展[2-3]。由于服刑期间封闭严格的监狱环境、强制遵守的监规制度、社会生活的改变及社会角色的转变等因素，服刑人员心理可能受到不同程度的影响，从而导致严重的心理健康问题[4-5]。随着社会法制化和社会文明进步，服刑人员心理问题越来越受到重视。研究发现，社会支持水平的提高能有效地改善癌症患者[6]、糖尿病患者[7]等多个人群的心理健康状况。但至……