■ 蒋华福 Jiang Huafu 王广斌 Wang Guangbin

我国住房公积金空间格局研究

■ 蒋华福 Jiang Huafu 王广斌 Wang Guangbin

住房公积金制度在全国的均衡发展，关系到中低收入阶层的住房保障，关系到制度的整体可持续发展，关系到国家的社会政治稳定。随着经济环境与房地产市场的变化，制度的封闭运作模式使各省份实际运营差异性明显。文章以全国31省份住房公积金为研究对象，设计全国住房公积金发展水平空间均衡评价指标体系，应用无监督学习聚类算法（K-means）模型，得出全国住房公积金发展水平的五级分类空间格局结论，为分析全国住房公积金整体发展状况、完善全口径管理及供给侧结构性改革决策提供客观依据。

住房公积金；k-means算法；无监督学习；均衡；空间格局；启示

【Abstract】The balanced development of housing fund system in the whole nation concerned the housing security of middle and low income families， sustainable development of the system and also social and political stability of our nation. With the changes of economic environment and real estate market， closed operating mode of the system brought obvious real operation differences among different provinces. Taking housing funds of 31 provinces in China as real examples for study， the thesis designed Spatial Equilibrium Evaluation Index System for development level of housing fund in China， applied unsupervised K-means of Learning Algorithm and Clustering Algorithm， concluded the Five Level Classifi cation Space Pattern accorded with the development of housing fund in China， and provided subjective evidences for analyzing overall development status of housing fund in China， perfecting the whole caliber management and decision-makings for reform of the supply front.

0　引言

住房公积金制度是我国城镇住房制度的重要组成部分。制度在全国的均衡发展，关系到全国整体的和谐可持续发展，关系到广大中低收入阶层的住房保障，关系到国家的社会政治稳定。随着经济环境的变化和房地产市场的迅速发展，一方面，制度逐步体现出与经济发展、人均收入、住房价格等因素的关联性；另一方面，由于属地化管理，地域分割、分散管理、封闭运作，制度又呈现出各省份实际运营的多样性、差异性和不均衡性。

针对这一问题，刘洪玉［1］于2011年提出建立住房公积金统筹管理机构，在全国范围内加强住房公积金的横向连接，集中经营管理住房公积金剩余资金，形成全国性的住房公积金资金拆借市场。……