超高层建筑基坑支护方案的决策系统模型应用分析
2016-08-16何强钟国益
何强 钟国益
摘 要:在超高层建筑中,基础工程对整个建筑物的安全和寿命有举足轻重的影响,与一般建筑物基础不同,超高层建筑基础已被构成地下空间的地下室和深大基础结构所代替,而基础施工通常要进行基坑支护。据国内外学者的统计和研究,超高层建筑基础工程的造价和工期大约占建筑的土建总造价的三分之一左右,因此,对节约基础成本来说,迫切需要加强对基坑支护方案决策系统的研究。本文基于层次分析法建立支护方案决策系统模型,在“质量好,工期短,经济效益好”的原则下,主要对基坑支护方案的安全性,可靠与便捷性和经济合理性进行分析论证。
关键词:深基坑支护;决策支持系统;层次分析法
The Application Analysis on the strategy system model of foundation supporting scheme of the super high-rise building
HE Qiang,ZHONG Guo-yi
( Construction management and real estate institute, Chongqing University,Chongqing,China,400045 )
Abstract:The foundation engineering is of great importance to the security and life for the high-rise buildings .Different from the common building foundation , the high-rise building foundation has been substituted by underground rooms and the deep huge foundation structures ,while the foundation building usually needs retaining pit .According to the statistics and the research of the inside and abroad scholars ,the cost and period of it account for one third more or less of the whole construction estimate .So as a matter of saving costs , its urgent to strengthen the research of the model . This paper, based on the analytic hierarchy process to constitute a support scheme decision-making system model , is to demonstrates the security , reliability , convenience and economic rationality of the foundation pit supporting scheme , in the principle of “high quality , short construction ,good economic benefits .
Key words:Foundation pit supporting, Decision Support Systems, Analytic hierarchy process
1.深基坑研究的历史背景及研究意义
深基坑工程在我国广泛应用与研究开始于80年代初,由于我国人口众多,为了节约土地,从80年代初开始大量兴建高层建筑同时采取措施充分利用城市地下空间,这样也就带来了大规模基坑工程的开挖与支护,来为地下工程建筑提供必要的安全环境 [1]。
超高层建筑的迅速兴起,促进了深基坑支护技术的发展,选择一个经济、实用的基坑支护方案成为确保施工质量和保证施工安全和节约成本的重要工作。深基坑工程主要包括基坑支护体系设计、施工和土方开挖,它是一项综合性很强的系统工程,因此,它与工程场地地质勘查、支护结构设计、施工开挖、基坑稳定、降水、施工管理、现场监测、相邻场地施工相互影响等密切相关,具有很强的区域性和很强的个体性,其支护体系承受的土压力又具有较强的时空效应。……
