血浆置换在重症肌无力患者治疗中的应用效果分析
2016-08-03贾立明进高梅朱燕平武正戈赵玉芳
贾立明+进高梅+朱燕平+武正戈+赵玉芳+武卫周+景永峰

【摘要】 目的 探讨血浆置换在重症肌无力患者中的应用效果。方法 30例重症肌无力患者, 随机分为对照组(单纯药物治疗)和治疗组(血浆置换治疗), 各15例, 比较两组呼吸机辅助呼吸时间和住院时间, 观察是否发生肌无力危象、胆碱能危象等, 统计不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗组呼吸机辅助呼吸时间为(8.65±11.34)d, 住院时间为(37.42±12.34)d, 明显短于对照组的(16.76±9.12)、(58.21±15.14)d (P<0.05)。其中治疗组中3例仅进行血浆置换1次, 即恢复自主呼吸而撤离呼吸机;治疗组死亡1例, 对照组死亡3例。所有患者未出现肌无力危象、胆碱能危象等严重不良反应, 治疗组不良反应发生率13.33%与对照组的6.67%比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 血浆置换在重症肌无力中的临床治疗效果明显优于普通疗法, 不良反应轻微, 值得临床推广应用。
【关键词】 血浆置换;重症肌无力;辅助治疗
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.18.013
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate application effect by plasma exchange in myasthenia gravis patients. Methods A total of 30 myasthenia gravis patients were randomly divided into control group (simple drug therapy) and treatment group (plasma exchange), with 15 cases in each group. Comparison was made on ventilator-assisted breathing time and hospital stay time between the two groups. Occurred myasthenic crisis and cholinergic crisis were observed, and adverse reactions were summarized. Results The treatment group had obviously shorter ventilator-assisted breathing time as (8.65±11.34) d and hospital stay time (37.42±12.34) d than (16.76±9.12) and (58.21±15.14) d of the control group (P<0.05). There were only 3 cases in the treatment group recovering autonomous respiration after first plasma exchange and withdrawing ventilator. There were 1 death case in the treatment group and 3 death cases in the control group. No severe adverse reactions of myasthenic crisis and cholinergic crisis occurred in any patients. The difference of incidence of adverse reactions between 13.33% of the treatment group and 6.67% of the control group had no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion Plasma exchange provides remarkably better clinical effect than common therapy in myasthenia gravis patients, along with slight adverse reactions. It is worth clinical promotion and application.
【Key words】 Plasma exchange; Myasthenia gravis; Adjuvant therapy
重症肌无力是一种自身免疫性疾病, 主要累及神经肌肉接头突触后膜上乙酰胆碱受体。其症状表现为全身骨骼肌无力, 活动后加重, 适当休息和胆碱酯酶抑制剂治疗后症状减轻[1]。目前, 临床上多采用综合治疗方法治疗, 血浆置换可在短时间内大量除去机体内自身抗体、免疫复合物、补体产物等, 迅速缓解症状。故选取本院收治的重症肌无力患者30例进行研究, 现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1. 1 一般资料 选取2012年4月~2015年1月本院神经内科收治的重症肌无力患者30例, 经临床诊断为重症肌无力Ⅰ、Ⅱa型肌无力, 男19例, 女11例, 年龄20~65岁, 平均年龄(36.8±11.2)岁。所有患者均无其他严重疾病, 符合重症肌无力的诊断标准。将30例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组, 各15例。治疗组中男10例, 女5例, 平均年龄(34.5±12.8)岁;对照组中男9例, 女6例, 平均年龄(36.4±14.3)岁。两组一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 具有可比性。……
