Study on the Image Building of Shanghai as an International Metropolis in Global Media

ABSTRACT： As a microcosm of the development of Chinas urbanization， can Shanghai be constructed as an international metropolis in global media？ Based on statistical analysis of 380 thousand pieces of news in 28 languages from 100 countries， this paper interprets Shanghais international image in the years since the launch of the reform and opening-up policy， especially in the post-Shanghai World Expo period. The study reveals that global media coverage of Shanghai has increased steadily， reaching a record high in 2015； the agenda of global media focuses on establishing the“four centers”in Shanghai， but the image of Shanghai as an international financial is affected by the economic downturn and stock market volatility in recent years； the attitude of global media reports is mixed， with positive and negative emotions varies in different time periods and regarding different topics； although Chinese media， officials， scholars， and experts are expanding China Voices to the world， there is still a gap compared with the Western media， and global media still rely on Western media as the main source of information. After analyzing foreign media reports， this paper also puts forward policy recommendations to improve the image of Shanghai as an international metropolis.

KEY WORDS： Global Media， Shanghai， International Metropolis， Image Building， City Diplomacy.

G20 and Implementation of UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

ZHANG Chun

ABSTRACT： G20 has clearly exhibited its political willingness to contribute to the implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development （2030 Agenda）. G20 has significant policy room and potential to realize above goals given the huge policy spaces provided by the 2030 Agenda， the political willingness gaps in implementation of the 2030 Agenda， and the absence of behavioral rules on indicization approach adopted by the 2030 Agenda. To actively promote the implementation of the 2030 Agenda will not only facilitate the transition of G20 from an ad hoc mechanism to a long-term institution for sustainable development， but also contribute to the realization of global sustainable development. To facilitate G20's role in implementation of the 2030 Agenda， it urgently needs to strengthen its coordinative authority and to reform existing institutions， including： to push G20 as a whole to set an example for the rest of the international community in regard to implementation of the 2030 Agenda； to advocate version 2.0 of the common but differentiated responsibility （CBDR） principle with G20-DWG as the key driver， for facilitating the establishment of the global partnership for sustainable development； to strengthen communication and coordination with the UN High Level Political Forum （HLPF）， UN regional committees and relevant organizations for building bridges for the follow-up and review mechanisms of the 2030 Agenda； to mobilize public awareness of those post-MDG targets and lost-targets for strengthening the central role of G20 in implementation of the 2030 Agenda， and； to play a proactive role in supporting development rights of the developing world through keeping implementation of the 2030 Agenda always on the right track.

KEY WORDS： G20， UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development， Common But Differentiated Responsibility， Global Partnership.

The UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and G20 Institutional Transition

ZHU Jiejin

ABSTRACT： The implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides a good opportunity for the G20s institutional transition from a crisis committee to a steering committee in global economic governance， in terms of institutional mandate， legitimacy， and supporting entity. The G20 Development Working Group （DWG） will lead on its own development priorities， including supporting domestic resources， strengthening key areas for economic growth， and promoting inclusion and equal opportunities. Meanwhile， it will also enhance the coordination and policy coherence with other G20 work streams and act as a policy resource for development across the G20. It can advise other G20 work streams to optimize the membership， information sharing， set agendas with more development implications， and facilitate the policy tools to increase the development elements. However， the DWG is also facing a series of challenges： lack of prioritization， low level of political participation， limited influence on other international development agendas， and prominence of G7 development agenda as an alternative and so on.

KEY WORDS： G20， 2030 Agenda， Institutional Transition， Coordination and Coherence， Mainstreaming.

Analysis of the Privatization in Protecting Chinas Overseas Interests

XIN Tian

ABSTRACT： With the “Going Global” strategy entering the accelerating stage， an increasing number of Chinese enterprises and citizens are flocking overseas. For all the economic benefits， Chinese enterprises and citizens also face growing security risks. With the scale of Chinas overseas interests expanding， traditional security measures have fallen short， unable to effectively meet the diverse needs， highlighting the country's defects in the protection of overseas interests. Faced with the increasingly serious security issues， Chinese overseas enterprises and citizens have begun to obtain services from foreign or domestic private security companies and rely on the market to meet their own security needs. The privatization process is going on quietly. But compared with other countries， Chinese private security companies development level is still lower today， and the number of the companies operating abroad is much fewer. Furthermore， there are a lot of problems to be solved in the process of privatization， such as the lack of relative legal regulations， the absence of standards on firearms use， the possible challenge to the authority of the state， and the prospects of large-scale conflicts. Theres still a long way to go before Chinese private security companies can be reliable overseas security providers.

KEY WORDS： Overseas Interests， Security Risk， Privatization， Private Security Company.

Protection of Chinese Overseas Citizens： Concept， Significance， and Future Trends

XIANG Wenhui

ABSTRACT： There is an increasingly urgent need for better protection of Chinese overseas citizens as Chinas interests expand globally. The well-being of Chinese overseas citizens has been regarded as a prominent matter of national interest and take precedence over other interests. In practice， Chinas protection of overseas citizens follows a distinct set of principles： human-centric， non-interference in others domestic affairs， and win-win cooperation. This article argues that in terms of protection of overseas citizens， China has turned from a supplier of national resources to a facilitator of the market governance； from a defender of all to a focus on important people； from a practitioner of the traditional way of protection to a beneficiary of modern technology； from a stakeholder on the sidelines to an undertaker of international responsibility； from a rule-taker to a rule-maker. The author recommends that China should improve the protection of overseas citizens by enhancing Chinese enterprises capacity， exploiting advances in science and technology， assuming greater international responsibilities， and providing public goods.

KEY WORDS： Protection of Overseas Citizens， Concept， Significance， Future Trend， Chinese Diplomacy.

On Chinas Reshaping of Norms in International Organizations

SUN Degang and WEI Jinshen

ABSTRACT： In the 21st century， Chinas reshaping of international norms is a conspicuous phenomenon in its interactions with international organizations， which is a reflection of its changing understanding and perception of international regimes. Chinas practice in this respect is of great significance to democratization of international relations， to the transformation of international order， and to the legitimacy of international organizations. The research shows that China is inclined to informal mechanisms， processes， soft constraint， openness， inclusiveness， and task-oriented cooperation based on diverse values in international organizations， while the West places more emphasis on formal norms， hard constraints， closeness， exclusiveness， and burden-sharing based on common values in international organizations. Chinas reshaping of the international regimes can be divided into two dimensions： global and regional. The former refers to Chinas initiatives in the international security， political， economic， and environmental regimes； the latter refers to Chinas participation in regional integration either passively or actively. This has offered a new angle to probe Chinas behavior in the multilateral arena. Based on the theoretical and empirical studies of Chinas reshaping of the global and regional regimes， this paper argues that it needs to improve its ability to initiate new norms in its rise from a regional power to a global power. However， such ability of putting forward initiatives and innovating international regimes are so far both confronted with challenges. China should improve its imbedded agenda-setting capability， foster its international discourse power， and build a dynamic coalition， so that the Western-dominated global governance can be transformed into a co-governance by all parties concerned.

KEY WORDS： International Organization， International Regime， Chinese Diplomacy， Regime Reshaping， Regional Organization.

Cyberterrorism and Cybersecurity Cooperation under the One Belt and One Road Initiative

WANG Xiaofeng

ABSTRACT： Cyberterrorism originates from the interaction of two major trends： the integration of cyberspace and the running of economy and society， and the evolution of international terrorism. Current cyberterrorism mainly takes the form of cyber-enabled activities to spread terrorist ideology， to recruit members， to share terror information， and to teach terror attack skills. Cyberterrorism poses serious challenges to the One Belt and One Road Initiative in that it could hinder the interconnection of information infrastructure and undermine the social basis of the Belt and Road cooperation. Encouraging the cooperation on counterterrorism and cybersecurity can promote the appeal of the Belt and Road initiative by ensuring common security， securing the successful establishment of the Belt and Road cooperation projects， and preventing the rise of terrorism in cyberspace. As the initiator， China is better positioned to build broad-based consensus and facilitate policy coordination and institutional cooperation in countering cyberterrorism， through regional counterterrorism and cybersecurity cooperation.

KEY WORDS： One Belt and One Road Initiative， Cyberterrorism， Counterterrorism， Cybersecurity Cooperation.

On Government Apology in Contemporary International Politics

RU Xuhua

ABSTRACT： With the progress in political civilization， apology has been increasingly studied in political science. The wave of government apology is an indisputable fact， which is the product of international justice awakening and has increasingly become an important way to rectify historical national injustice and seek reconciliation. It has also become a more and more important means to deal with state-to-state relations and government failure. Related research shows that government apology is very effective for repairing confrontational and conflictual relationship in international politics and makes a great contribution to safeguarding world peace and stability， easing regional tensions and facilitating national reconciliation. However， government apology is not a panacea. It is not only subjected to the will of both the initiator and the receiver， but is also affected by the international and domestic situation. Although government apology still has many problems， it represents a new effort to address historical grievances and intractable issues. It reflects mankinds expectations to jettison the law of the jungle and march towards moral civilization. Government apology also represents the first step by both the perpetrator and the victim toward a better future.

KEY WORDS： International Politics， Government Apology， Formal Apology， Globalization.