周世忠 朱琳 张阳波 等

摘 要：在较高的气液范围内，以水和空气为实验介质，在多相流实验平台上进行了倾斜向上的高产量气液两相流模拟实验研究。实验采用内径为40 mm、长8 m的透明有机玻璃管，并利用高速摄像仪记录实验过程中的流型。对实验流型进行分析，发现了倾斜管中低气流速下的一种新的流型-振荡冲击流，并研究了表观气、液流速和倾斜角对气液两相流动中压降的影响，建立气/液膜流动模型来分析表观气、液流速对压降梯度的影响作用，实验研究结果表明：在高气液量范围内，倾斜管中观察到的气液两相流型主要为振荡冲击流、过渡流和环状流，并且倾角对流型转变边界的影响不显著；振荡冲击流压降随气流速的增加而降低，环状流压降随气流速的增加而增加，过渡流压降梯度最小；倾斜管压降梯度随着倾斜角度的增加而增大。

关 键 词：高气液量；振荡冲击流；流型；压降梯度；倾斜角

中图分类号：TQ 028 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1671-0460（2016）03-0504-03

Abstract： Water and air were used as the experimental medium to make the experiment of high output gas liquid two-phase flow on the experimental platform. The transparent organic glass tube with inner diameter of 40 mm and length of 8 m was used， and the flow pattern was recorded by high-speed camera. Based on the analysis of flow pattern， we found a new type oscillatory impulse flow in inclined tube under low gas velocity， and the effect of superficial gas and liquid velocities and tilt angle on pressure drop in gas-liquid two-phase flow was investigated， a gas / liquid film flow model was built to analyze the influence of apparent gas and liquid flow velocity on the pressure drop gradient. The experimental results show that， in the range of high gas and liquid flow， the flow pattern of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the inclined tube is mainly the oscillating impulse flow， the transitional flow and the annular flow， and the influence of the angle of the inclined tube is not obvious， the pressure drop of the oscillating impulse flow decreases with the increase of gas flow rate， the pressure drop of the annular flow increases with the increase of gas flow rate， the pressure drop gradient of the transitional flow is the smallest， and the pressure drop gradient increases with the increase of the inclination angle.

Key words： High gas/liquid flow； Oscillatory impulse flow； Flow pattern； Pressure gradient； Inclination

近年来，虽然在气液两相流动方面的研究不少，得到了大量关于流型、压降和持液率计算方面的规律，但是大多数研究都是针对的水平流动和垂直流动，而关于倾斜管气液两相流动方面的研究却很少。随着倾斜井数量的日益增多，准确地预测倾斜井筒中压降变化，研究倾斜管流型及其转变规律，研究倾角对压降和持液率的影响，是进行油井自喷、人工举升产量预测和参数优化设计的基础和依据，也是进行油气田高效开发的关键因素之一[1]。……