三电极差分电容式PCB用于通道内流体空隙率检测
2016-07-09朱伟民佟仕忠
朱伟民 佟仕忠



摘 要: 为解决血管、输油管道等密闭通道内流体空隙检测问题,提出一种三电极差分电容式检测方法,该方法是基于电容器印刷电路板(PCB)进行设计实现。当空气泡等空隙存在于密闭通道时,传感器的电容会因此发生变化。基于此原理,利用差分电容放大器、锁相放大器、滤波器和一个数据采集卡进行电容变化的监测,电极采用自印刷电路板表面顶部至底部的铜质结构,塑料管通过电容传感器布局并垂直于印刷电路板表面。流体空隙体积会对输出电压产生影响,根据三电极电位电压间信号的不平衡,检测出液体内部气泡,并在计算机上对检测到的电容变化信号进行处理和计算,获取空隙体积、运动速度等数据。这种流体传感器也可用于医疗设备中空隙率检测。
关键词: 差分电容放大器; 锁相放大器; 滤波器; 印刷电路板; 空隙率检测; 三电极
中图分类号: TN41?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2016)07?0130?04
Abstract: To solve the fluid void ratio detection problem in airtight channel, such as blood vessel and oil pipeline, a three electrode differential capacitance detection method is proposed. The method was designed and realized based on capacitor printed circuit board (PCB). When the air bubbles and other voids exist in the airtight channel, the capacitance of the sensor will change. Based on this principle, the differential capacitor amplifier, phase locked amplifier, filter and a data acquisition card are used to monitor the capacitance changes, the copper structure from top to bottom of the PCB surface is selected as the electrode, and the plastic tube is laid vertical to PCB surface through the capacitance sensor. Since the fluid′s void volume can effect on the output voltage, the bubbles inside the liquid can be detected according to the signal imbalance between the three electrode potential voltage. The detected capacitance change signal is processed and calculated on computer to obtain the data of void volume and velocity. This fluid sensor can be used for void ratio detection in medical facilities.
Keywords: differential capacitance amplifier; phase locked amplifier; filter; PCB; void ratio detection; three electrode
0 引 言
空隙率检测在精细流量控制、生物医学等领域起着关键性作用[1]。在人体血管内出现气泡是异常危险的,会出现不可预知的脑栓塞情况,从而导致人员猝死。当人体进行血液透析或静脉输液时,血管内有可能会注入空气,产生气泡,因此对于血液或输液管道的气泡检测至关重要[2]。
在气泡检测中可应用不同的物理原理,最早的气泡检测器[3]是由干电池和光源组成,当气泡经过时,光源会透过血管,以此进行检测。但是这种装备的检测灵敏度不足,当血管壁沉积有大量纤维蛋白时,会阻碍光线通过造成漏检。……
