分化型甲状腺癌术后131I治疗的护理分析
2016-07-09张华平张粉花梅重菊
张华平 张粉花 梅重菊
【摘要】 目的:探讨采取合理的护理方法是否可有效缓解分化型甲状腺癌患者术后131I治疗的不良反应。方法:通过对笔者所在科室75例分化型甲状腺癌术后口服131I治疗后患者的心理护理、不良反应护理及放射性防护措施进行分析。结果:13例患者出现颈部症状,7例患者出现唾液腺损伤,21例患者出现食欲不振及便秘症状,2例患者出现腹泻症状,14例患者出现全身乏力症状,经有效护理及对症处理后,不良反应消失。结论:对分化型甲状腺癌术后131I治疗的患者采取有效合理的护理措施,能够很好地消除患者对放射性治疗的恐惧心理,减少不必要的放射性损伤,并降低不良反应的发生率,减轻患者痛苦,有效提高医疗质量。
【关键词】 分化型甲状腺癌; 131I治疗; 护理
中图分类号 R473.6 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2016)9-0099-02
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the reasonable nursing methods which can remit adverse reactions that differentiated thyroid carcinoma received post-operative 131I treatment.Method:Through the psychological nursing care of 75 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer after oral 131I treatment,the adverse reactions of nursing and radiological protection measures were analyzed.Result:13 patients presented with neck symptoms,7 patients with salivary gland injury,21 patients appear to have a poor appetite and constipation symptoms,2 patients with symptoms of diarrhea, 14 patients appear malaise symptoms,after effective nursing and symptomatic treatment,the adverse reactions disappeared.Conclusion:Effective and reasonable nursing measures for patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after 131I treatment,it can eliminate the patient's fear of radiation therapy,reduce unnecessary radiation damage,and decrease the rate of adverse reactions,mitigate of the pain and improve medical care effectively.
【Key words】 Differentiated thyroid carcinoma; 131I treatment; Nursing
First-authors address:Yunnan Province Tumor Hospital,Kunming 650118,China
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2016.9.055
甲状腺癌是内分泌系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一,大约占肿瘤患者的1.4%,占肿瘤死亡患者的0.2%。其发病率为2.5/10万~4.0/10万,近年来呈上升趋势。男女比例约为1∶2~1∶3,分化型甲状腺癌占甲状腺癌的90%左右[1]。分化型甲状腺癌的治疗方法主要包括:手术治疗、术后131I治疗和TSH抑制治疗,随着现代医疗技术的发展,分化型甲状腺癌治疗的总体发展趋势是个体化的综合治疗[2-3]。近年来131I在治疗分化型甲状腺中取得了显著疗效,131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌术后患者的护理措施也得到了不断提高,更重要的是在临床中能有效地消除患者对放射性治疗的恐惧心理,也明显降低了131I治疗后不良反应的发生率,更好地为临床服务。……
