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广东省肉桂产业调研报告

2016-05-30林兴军周海生邬华松赵建平郝朝运

热带农业科学 2016年1期

林兴军 周海生 邬华松 赵建平 郝朝运

摘 要 近20年来,广东省肉桂产业得到迅猛发展,种植面积占全国的30%以上。随着政府加大对肉桂产业的引导扶持力度,肉桂种植区肉桂产品研发能力得到加强,肉桂产品科技含量和市场竞争力得到增强,产业技术水平、产品加工水平也得到了相应提升。肉桂成为广东省增加农民收入、带动地方经济可持续发展的主导产业。通过深入基层,对肉桂产业现状、生产技术水平、产业存在的问题等进行调研,分析广东肉桂产业现状以及当前肉桂生产上存在的主要问题,并针对广东省肉桂产业存在的不足,提出对策和建议。

关键词 广东省 ;肉桂产业 ;调研报告

分类号 S663.9 Doi:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2016.01.017

Abstract In the last twenty years, the cinnamom industry (Cinnamomum cassia Presl) of Guangdong province has developed rapidly, and the planting area accounts for more than 30% of the whole country. With the strengthen the guidance of government for the cinnamon industry, the research and development capabilities of cinnamon in planting area have been strengthened, the scientific and technological content of cinnamon products and market competitiveness has been enhanced, the industrial technology level and the product processing level has also been improved. The cinnamon has become the leading industry in Guangdong province to increase the farmers' income and to promote the sustainable development of local economy. In this paper, research was carried out on the industrial actuality,the production technological level and the problems existed in cinnamom industry of Guangdong province. Analyzed the present situation and the main problems existed in the production of cinnamon, and puts forward some countermeasures against the main problems.

Keywords Guangdong province ; cinnamom industry ; investigation report

肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia Presl)原产中国西南地区,又名中国肉桂、玉桂、牡桂、辣桂等,为樟科(Lauraceae)樟属(Cinnamomum)常绿乔木树种。肉桂始载于《神农本草经》,列为上品。肉桂一名始见于《唐本草》:“菌桂,叶似柿叶,中有纵纹三道,表里无毛而光泽。”,与现用肉桂相符[1]。关于肉桂的原植物记载最早见于距今1 700多年的晋代嵇含编著的《南方草木状》:“桂有三种。叶如柏叶,皮赤者,为丹桂;叶似柿叶者,为菌桂;其叶似枇杷叶者,为牡桂”[2],至今已有千年栽培历史,具有补火助阳、引火归源、散寒止痛、活血通经的功效[3],是我国常用名贵中药,位列“参、茸、燕、桂”四大补品之一,也是重要的食品香料,为我国调料“八大味”之一,是大家熟知的“十三香”、“五香粉”等主要原料。

目前,我国肉桂种植面积达3.3×105 hm2,年产桂皮1.3×108 kg、桂油2.0×106 kg,种植面积和年产量均居世界首位,其产品远销欧洲、美洲、亚洲40多个国家和地区,年贸易额超过4亿美元,已成为广西、广东、云南等省区出口创汇的主要特产和山区百姓增收的重要来源。……

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