姚娜 易显凤 赖志强 梁永良 邓素媛 赖大伟

摘要：【目的】探讨紫色象草在肉鹅养殖生产中的饲用效果，为发展紫色象草养鹅提供参考依据，并有效增加草食动物的功能性牧草饲料资源。【方法】以紫色象草为青饲料源、王草为对照，饲喂3周龄的合浦狮头鹅49 d，研究紫色象草对肉鹅生产性能、血清生化指标等方面的影响。【结果】紫色象草营养品质高，粗纤维含量低，且富含花青素等有益成分。在同等饲养管理条件下，肉鹅采食紫色象草的量大于王草，平均日增重达50.97 g/羽，较对照组（44.09 g/羽）显著提高15.60%（P<0.05，下同）；料重比5.03∶1，比对照组少耗料14.60%。饲喂紫色象草较饲喂王草更有利于提高肉鹅的屠宰性能，其屠宰率（86.22%）、半净膛率（76.09%）和全净膛率（69.13%），分别较对照组显著提高5.04%、14.13%和16.60%；在肉鹅胸肌、腿肌的物理性状肉色和嫩度上无显著差异（P>0.05，下同），但在肌苷酸含量上存在一定差异，试验组的肉鹅肌苷酸含量（176.35 mg/100 g）显著高于对照组。饲喂紫色象草的肉鹅血液生化指标效果良好，对其生长发育具有促进作用，平均纯收益为35.61元/羽，较对照组（28.41元/羽）提高了25.34%，养殖经济效益明显提高。【结论】紫色象草营养品质高，适口性好，且富含花青素等有益成分，能够有效促进肉鹅生长及提高其生产性能，养殖经济效益显著，可在肉鹅养殖业中推广应用。

关键词： 肉鹅；紫色象草；生长性能；血清生化指标；经济效益

中图分类号： S835 文献标志码：A 文章編号：2095-1191（2016）12-2163-06

Abstract：【Objective】The present study explored feeding effect of Pennisetum purpureum Schumab cv. Purple in production of meat geese， in order to provide reference basis for feeding meat geese with P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple，and effectively enrich functional forage feed resources for herbivorous animals. 【Method】Taking P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple as green feed， P. purpureum K. Scbumacb×P. Typhoideum Rich cv. Reyan No.4 as control， three-week-old Hepu Lion head geese were fed for forty-nine days. Effects of P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple on production performance and serum biochemical parameters were analyzed during the experiment. 【Result】Results showed that P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple had high nutritional quality， low crude fiber content， and abundant anthocyanin and other beneficial ingredients. Under the same condition， P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple intake was more than P. purpureum K. Scbumacb×P. Typhoideum Rich cv. Reyan No.4 intake. Meat geese average daily gain was 50.97 g per goose， a significant increase of 15.60% compared with control（44.09 g per goose）（P<0.05， the same below）； feed intake to grain ratio was 5.03∶1， the feed intake in test group was 14.60% fewer than that in control. Compared with control， feeding P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple was more conducive to improve the slaughter performance of geese， slaughter rate（86.22%）， semi-eviscerated rate（76.09%） and eviscerated rate（69.13%） significantly increased 5.04%， 14.13% and 16.60% respectively compared with control. There was no significant difference（P>0.05， the same below） in physical properties， meat color and tenderness of chest and leg muscles. But there were some differences in inosinic acid content. Inosinic acid content（176.35 mg/100 g） of geese fed with P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple was significantly higher than that of control. Meat geese fed with P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple showed sound blood biochemical parameters， and P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple had a positive role in promoting body growth. Average net income achieved 35.61 yuan per goose， which was. 25.34% higher than that of control（28.41 yuan per goose）. The economic benefits increased greatly. 【Conclusion】P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple obtains abundant nutrition， and is palatable and rich in anthocyanins and other beneficial substances. It can promote the growth of meat geese and improve the production performance， and has great economic benefits. Therefore， P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple can be promoted in meat geese breeding industry.

Key words： meat geese； Pennisetum purpureum Schumab cv. Purple； growth performance； serum biochemical parameter； economic benefit

0 引言

【研究意义】紫色象草（Pennisetum purpureum Schu-

mab cv. Purple）為禾本科狼尾草属多年生草本植物，原产于巴西，主要用于生物能源生产研究，其植株高大，根系发达，全株具有特殊的紫红色（易显凤等，2012）。紫色象草于2003年引入我国南方栽培种植，经过驯化及选育，2014年通过审定登记为国家草品种。紫色象草喜欢温暖湿润的气……