王传志　武少飞

【摘要】矿产资源开采点燃了人类文明的烛光，带来了经济和社会的繁荣，却造成了矿山环境的破坏，尤其是部分省、区露天煤矿的开采严重破坏了生态环境，造成矿山地质环境恶化，引发了一系列地质灾害，束缚了经济和社会的可持续发展。我国矿山环境问题较多，突出表现在五个方面，即采矿活动破坏了大量耕地和建设用地；采矿诱发地质灾害；采矿使矿区水均衡遭受破坏，产生各种水环境问题；矿山开采中废气、粉尘、废渣排放，产生大气污染和酸雨；采矿破坏自然地貌景观，影响整个地区环境的完整性。党和国家高度重视矿山生态环境恢复治理工作。目前，各地国土资源管理部门都积极开展了一些矿山环境治理项目，取得了一定的成绩，但还存在着不少亟待解决的问题。我国国民经济发展正处于快速、持续、稳定的阶段，对矿产资源的需要将持续增加，由此引发的矿山环境问题日益严重，加强矿山环境的保护和治理已刻不容缓，急需进一步加强矿山环境治理。

【关键词】矿产资源；矿山环境；问题；破坏；对策

【Abstract】Exploitation of mineral resources ignite the candlelight of the human civilization， and bring economic and social prosperity， has resulted in the destruction of the mine environment， open pit coal mine is part of the province， district mining serious damage to the ecological environment， resulting in deterioration of the mine geological environment， triggeringa series of geological disasters， bound the sustainable economic and social development. China's mining environmental issues more prominent performance in five areas， namely mining activities destroyed much farmland and construction land； mining-induced geological disasters； mining destruction of the mine water balance， to produce a variety of water environmental issues； mining emissions dust， waste emissions， atmospheric pollution and acid rain； mining destruction of the natural landscape， affecting the integrity of the environment of the entire region. The party and the country attaches great importance to the ecological environment in mining recovery and management work. At present， all over the land and resources management departments are active in the mine environment projects， has made certain achievements， but there are still many problems to be solved. The development of China's national economy is in a rapid， sustained and stable stage， the need for mineral resources will continue to increase， a growing problem caused mine environment， strengthen the protection and management of the mine environment is urgent， urgent need to further strengthen the mine environment.

【Key words】Mineral resources；Mine environment；Problems；Damage；Countermeasures

矿产资源开采点燃了人类文明的烛光，带来了经济和社会的繁荣，却造成了矿山环境的破坏，尤其是部分省、区露天煤矿的开采严重破坏了生态环境，造成矿山地质环境恶化，引发了一系列地质灾害，束缚了经济和社会的可持续发展。透视矿产资源开发对矿山环境的破坏问题，旨在树立和落实科学发展观，应用生态经济学原理和循环经济原理，指导矿产资源综合开发，促进延伸矿产资源产业链，实现固体、液体和气体废气物的零排放，通过长期的矿山环境整治和生态重建进而达到矿产资源开发与矿山环境整治双赢的目的。……