彭宇宁

摘 要 在广大农村地区存在着资源浪费、生态破坏、环境污染等众多问题，而农村基层政府是保护农村环境的关键，在环境整治过程中起着不可替代的作用。本文通过问卷调查和访谈发现：第一，农村居民环境意识较为薄弱，在对农村环保设施不了解，对环境保护不够重视，环境的恶化影响了其身体健康。第二，农村居民文化素质较低是造成环保意识宣传困难的重大原因。第三，农村环境已经受到了破坏，有必要进行整治。根据调查结果得出：要解决农村环境污染问题，首先就要完善农村基础设施，解决农村居民用水、交通等基本需求，才能真正实现农村环境治理有所成效。

关键词 农村居民 环境意识 身体健康

中图分类号：R195 文献标识码：A DOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkx.2016.10.088

Investigation on the Influence of Environmental Awareness of

Rural Residents on the Health of the Body

——Take Hunan Province Hengyang City Songjiang Town as an example

PENG Yuning

（Office of Students Affairs， Hunan Normal University， Changsha， Hu'nan 410081）

Abstract In the vast rural areas， there are many problems， such as waste of resources， ecological destruction and environmental pollution. The rural grass-roots government is the key to protect the rural environment， which plays an irreplaceable role in the process of environmental remediation. This article through the questionnaire survey and the interview found： first， the rural residents' environmental awareness is relatively weak， in the rural environmental protection facilities do not understand， the environmental protection is not enough attention， the deterioration of the environment affects its health. Second， the low cultural quality of the rural residents is a major cause of environmental awareness of the difficulties caused by environmental awareness. Third， the rural environment has been damaged， it is necessary to carry out remediation. According to the survey results： to solve the problem of environmental pollution in rural areas， we must first improve the rural infrastructure， to solve the basic needs of rural residents of water， traffic and so on， can we truly achieve the effective rural environmental governance.

Keywords rural residents； environmental awareness； health of body

随着改革开放的深入发展，在农村经济发展、农民收入大幅提高的同时，由于农村生活污染、垃圾排放量增大、种植养殖业废弃物逐年递增，化肥农药使用量居高不下，城市工业污染逐渐向农村转移等原因，导致农村地区环境状况日益恶化，环境质量明显下降。

发达国家100多年的工业化进程导致的环境问题在中国改革开放以来短短的30多年中就已经集中爆发，这对于中国经济以后的发展方向是个很大的挑战，是抑制中国农村经济发展的瓶颈，而对于中国人民的生存更是一个严重威胁。①

大约54.2%的人对环境问题只是了解一点，只有11.7%的人特别关注环境问题。②然而，当危害到自身健康状况时，大多数人会选择远离污染。……