许木果　刘忠妹　李海泉　杨焱　徐荣

摘 要 以诺丽果干粉为原料，优化超声波辅助提取诺丽果多糖的工艺，测定多糖的提取总量。在单因素实验基础上，以超声波处理时间、处理温度、处理功率、料液比四因素，三水平进行正交实验，以诺丽果多糖提取率为考察结果。结果表明：诺丽果粉粒度60目、料液比1 ∶ 25、提取功率300 W、提取时间45 min、提取温度70 ℃，提取次数2次为多糖的最佳提取条件。在正交实验基础上，进行了验证试验，结果证明，采用优化后的提取工艺提取诺丽果多糖的效率高，研究结果为提取诺丽果多糖提供了一定实际生产依据。

关键词 诺丽果；多糖；超声波；提取工艺；优化

中图分类号 S567 文献标识码 A

Abstract Dry powder of Morinda fruit was selected as the raw material to determine the gross extraction of polysaccharide by optimize ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of polysaccharide from Morinda fruit. To determine the extraction rate of polysaccharide in Morinda fruit， main technological parameters like ultrasonic treating time， treating temperature， treating power and solid-liquid ratio， were investigated by a single factor method coupled with L9（34）orthogonal array design. The results showed that the optimal conditions of extracting polysaccharide from Morinda fruit was a two-step extract with Morinda fruit powder size of 60， solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 ∶ 25， ultrasonic power 300 W， extracting 45 min at a temperature of 70 ℃. The verification test was carried out based on an orthogonal experiment， it was proved that this extracting technology was efficient， the result provided theoretical parameters for the practical production of the extraction of Morinda fruit polysaccharide.

Key words Morinda； Polysaccharide； Ultrasonic； Extraction process； Optimization

doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2016.06.030

诺丽（Morinda cirtifolia L.）为茜草科巴戟天属植物，热带常绿多年生小乔木或阔叶灌木，约80种，中国有12种和2个变种，主要分布于中国西南部到东南部，台湾和香港地区[1-3]。诺丽发源于太平洋南部岛屿，当地居民称之为NONI，被波利尼亚人食用已有2000多年历史，在南太平洋一带素有“仙果”之美称[4]。诺丽果实、叶子、枝干、根部均可入药[5]，果实为白色叶茎果，作为一种传统药用植物，药名海巴戟，富含多种微量元素的同时，还含有较为丰富的活性物质，如生物碱、蒽醌类、多酚、脂肪酸类、木脂素、多糖、甾醇和萜类化合物等。在治疗方面，诺丽被证实对多种病症有显著疗效，如抗病毒、抗癌，对治疗自身免疫疾病，阻止和减少急、慢性病痛的发生，对哮喘等呼吸道疾病、糖尿病、肾炎、关节炎、癔症、敏感症、动脉粥样硬化、瘀血、消化系统疾病、多种硬化症、心血管疾病（高血压、心肌梗死）都具有一定疗效[1-3，6-8]。……