不同妊娠分娩方式对女性盆底组织结构影响的临床研究
2016-05-14吴永艳
吴永艳

[摘要] 目的 探讨不同的分娩方式对于产后女性盆底组织结构影响。 方法 随机选取进入该院的2012年1月—2014年12月收治的100名产妇,根据不同分娩方式分组,其中顺产60例(顺产组),选择性剖宫产40例(剖宫产组)。于妊娠晚期以及产后6~8周、12~14周进行压力性尿失禁(SUI)发生率问卷调查、护垫实验、会阴超声检查,此外对结果进行分析。 结果 在分娩之前,顺产组的SUI发生例数为11例,即18.33%,选择性剖产组的SUI发生例数为7例,即17.5%。两组的SUI发生率P>0.05。针对60例产妇6~8周及12~14周的膀胱角度、膀胱颈旋转角度进行B超检查,产后12~14周的膀胱角度、膀胱颈旋转角度减小了不少,P<0.05。 结论 妊娠和分娩会对产妇的盆底组织结构造成一定的影响,不同的分娩方式造成的盆底组织结构损伤是暂时的,随着时间的推移,损伤会有恢复的趋势。
[关键词] 选择性剖宫产;顺产;妊娠;盆底组织结构;产科
[中图分类号] R4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2016)02(b)-0083-02
[Abstract] Objective To discuss the effect of different delivery modes for pregnancy on postpartum female pelvic floor organization structures. Methods 100 cases of puerpera treated in our department from January 2012 to December 2014 were selected and divided into the natural birth group with 60 cases and the cesarean section group with 40 cases according to the different delivery modes, the questionnaire survey of incidence of stress incontinence (SUI), pad test and perineum ultrasonic examination were implemented in the late trimester of pregnancy and at the sixth week to the eighth week and the twelfth week to the fourteenth week, in addition, the results were given correlation analysis. Results Before delivery, the occurrence case was 11 in the natural birth group (18.33%) and 7 in the elective cesarean section group(17.5%), the difference in the incidence of SUI between the two groups was not statistically significant P>0.05, the bladder neck angle and neck of bladder rotation angle of 60 cases of puerpera were examined by B-mode ultrasound at the sixth week to the eighth week and at the twelfth week to the fourteenth week, the bladder neck angle and neck of bladder rotation angle at postpartum twelfth week to the fourteenth week decreased a lot P<0.05. Conclusion Pregnancy and delivery can pose a certain effect on the pelvic floor organization structures of puerpera, the injury of pelvic floor organization structures posed by the different delivery ways is temporary and there will be a recovery trend of the injury as time goes by.
[Key words] Elective caesarean section; Natural birth; Pregnancy; Pelvic floor organization structures; Obstetrics department
目前,妇科炎症、乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤、骨质疏松以及盆底疾病被誉为影响女性身心健康的五种最常见的慢性病,盆底疾病在中年女性的发生率高达38%,很值得我们去重视。而女性盆底的三维立体结构无论从水平还是垂直方向都非常复杂,临床评价比较困难。由于经济、社会及产妇的个体差异等多种因素,我国的妇科盆底疾病呈上升趋势。产后盆底组织结构损伤是一种盆底功能障碍性疾病(Pelvic Floor Dysfunction,PFD),妊娠及分娩是造成盆底组织结构损伤的主要原因,同时对于不同年龄、是否初产的产妇都有不一样的影响[1]。该研究对2012年1月—2014年12月间的60例产妇妊娠晚期、产后6~8周、12~14周的盆底组织功能进行分析研究,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
随机选取进入该院2012年1月—2014年12月间收治的100例产妇,其中顺产60例,选择性剖宫产40例,100例产妇均有为初产妇,腹围检查、宫高检查均是正常的,100例产妇均是单胎,无流产史。60……
