APP下载

伏沙地研究综述

2016-05-14张真布仁图雅都乐姜慧敏

环境与发展 2016年5期

张真 布仁图雅 都乐 姜慧敏

摘要:本文介绍了伏沙地的特征、分类、伏沙地防治的重要性以及伏沙地研究的进展。伏沙地的研究目前正处于起步阶段,研究主要集中在伏沙地植被特征、土壤特征和伏沙地的遥感影像解译方面。目前还未形成一套专门针对伏沙地的判定及评估方法,实际应用中通常借鉴荒漠化监测的方法。伏沙地的研究仍存在诸多困难,并提出了对伏沙地研究的展望。

关键词:伏沙地;遥感;荒漠化

中图分类号:X144 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-672X(2016)05-0011-04

DOI:10.16647/j.cnki.cn15-1369/X.2016.05.003

General review on the sinking sandy land

Zhang Zhen1,Burentuya2,Dule2,Jiang Hhuimin2

(1.Environmental and Resource Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010010;

2. Inner Mongolia Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Hohhot 010011)

Abstract:This paper presents the characteristic and classification of the sinking sandy land, the importance of the research on the sinking sandy land, and the process of the research about the sinking sandy land. At present, the research about the sinking sandy land are still at an initial stage, the contents of research include characteristic of vegetation and soil, also include the remote-sensing imagery interpretation about the sinking sandy land. Up still the present moment, an integral system which is specifically aimed at the assessment and evaluation about the sinking sandy land is still in developing and variation. In pratical applications, researchers usually reference the method of land desertification. In addition, numerous of difficulties and expectations are proposed in this paper.

Key words:The sinking sandy land;Remote sense;Desertification

1 伏沙地介绍

1.1 伏沙地的定义

伏沙地一词最早出现于1980年中科院内蒙古宁夏考察队编写的《内蒙古自治区及东北西部地区地貌》一书中,此书首次将伏沙地与“明沙”相区分,定义为“砂质土壤层,由于水分条件较好,土壤比较发育,有植被层所覆盖,常不易为人们所注意”的土地[1]。从此开始,伏沙地开始进入人们的视野,随着后续研究的不断深入,伏沙地又有了新的更为全面的定义:伏沙地是指分布于干旱—半湿润地区,经风力分选、搬运后沉积下来的沙物质经过尚未充分发育完成的成土过程而在土壤表层形成薄的腐殖质层,下层为风积沙母质的土地类型[2]。

1.2 伏沙地的分布

研究发现,草原、沙地、湿地等地带都有发育成伏沙地的可能,因此伏沙地具有沙地、草原、湿地、等生境的多重特性[3]。分布于典型草原上的伏沙地,通常产生于典型草原向荒漠草原转变的过度地带,土壤腐殖质层薄,植被稀疏。……

登录APP查看全文