弗卢希特哈文步行桥，阿姆斯特丹，荷兰

Vluchthaven Footbridge,Amsterdam,Netherlands,2012

建筑设计和结构设计：奈伊及合伙人事务所

Architects and Structural Engineers:Ney & Partners

弗卢希特哈文可移动步行桥联通了伊多克半岛和韦斯特多克斯迪克，总长105m，同时提供了通往伊多克码头的通路。设计概念源自于一个折叠的塑形铁板，桥面的灵感取自苍鹭展翅飞翔时的姿态——这种美观的形态同时保证了4m宽的甲板具备足够的结构稳定性。甲板两侧有一系列小孔洞，使步行桥具备了良好的治水性能。这些孔洞暗示着桥下的潺潺流水，也强化了行人和桥体的联系。设计师还在这些开洞位置上巧妙设置了带有灯光的栏杆。1000余根栏杆上安装着LED树脂灯箱，灯箱底端距离桥面15cm。

弗卢希特哈文步行桥作为一个构筑物，因其优雅和完整的形态和组合方式而出众。与传统功能理念不同，我们的概念是通过融合多种功能为一体来限制元素的层级化。因此，弗卢希特哈文步行桥是一体化设计的典范：桥面、横向构件、主梁和面板融为一体。整座桥可以被视为一件以流线型金属板为原材料的雕塑品。

像苍鹭飞翔的姿态一样，整个金属板围绕一个轴轻微扭曲，成为桥梁的背脊。随后桥梁的形态逐渐被具象化：每跨的重点剖面呈现内凹的形状，而桥墩支撑处则具有凸起的剖面形状。这样一来，设计在桥墩位置——也是最需要具有高度位置——满足了建造高度的需求。

以上这些因素使得弗卢希特哈文桥具有了波浪的形态，虽然谦虚，但足以营造出有意义的视觉形象和韵律感。波浪造型是结构优化的结果，暗示着下方静静流淌的河水。这种波浪感也在栏杆设计上有所体现。栏杆作为一系列竖向的元素随着波浪流动，排除了水平的元素，进一步强化了桥体的造型，呈现出平静舒缓的节奏感。LED灯箱就被安装在这些竖向栏杆上。

桥梁中可移动的构件被设计成整体的一部分。当其闭合时，完全不会被人察觉。（张裕翔 译）

The moveable Vluchthaven Footbridge will connect the IJdock peninsula with the Westerdoksdijk,over a length of 105m,while also providing access to the IJdock marina.The concept consists of a folded and shaped sheet of steel.The form of the deck is inspired by the elegant movement of a heron's wings during flight.This also gives the deck,with a width of 4m,its needed stiffness.The deck shape allows for better water management in regard to a series of openings on both sides of the bridge.Those perforations make a subtle reference to the water present underneath the bridge and enforce the relation between the passer-by and the bridge.The perforations also allow for subtle lighting to be integrated in the railing of the bridge.At a height of 15cm,LEDs are embedded in resin at the base of each of the +1.000 posts.

The design for the Vluchthaven Footbridge provides for an object that stands out for its graciousness and oneness.In a departure from classical engineering,our concept was to limit the hierarchy of the elements by merging several functions together into one whole.The Vluchthaven Footbridge is an example of integral design:the deck,cross members,main beam and the finishing are one.The bridge is conceived as a single curved and cut-out plate.

Inspired by the elegant movement of a heron's wings during flight,the plate is slightly torsed around its axis,representing the backbone of the bridge.As a result,the form of the bridge evolves:the crosssection at mid-span is concave while the opposite happens above the supports,with the cross-section convex.This way the necessary constructive height is achieved on supports,where most needed.

It gives the Vluchthaven Footbridge its wave shape,admittedly modest,but sufficient to provide a visual experience and rhythm.

The bridge's light wave shape,referring to the light waves on the IJ River,is structurally optimally used,and is continued in the design of the railing.This consists of a series of vertical elements following the wave.The absence of horizontal lines in the railing,additionally accentuates the shape of the bridge deck.This gives the entire bridge a calm and moderate rhythm.LED lights are embedded into the railing.

The mobile part of the bridge has been designed integrally with the bridge.While closed it is hardly visible.

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client:阿姆斯特丹市政府/City of Amsterdam

设计/Design Credits :Ney & Partners（建筑及结构设计/ architecture & structural design）,Technisch Adviesbureau Sliedrecht B.V.（机械设计/mechanical design）

总承建商/General Contractor:Van der Made B.V.

钢结构承包商/Steel Contractor:

Van der Zalm Metaalindustrie B.V.

机电部分承建商/Contractor Electromechanical Parts:

Copier B.V.

结构/Structure:Folded and shaped sheet of steel,moveable footbridge

材料/Material:Bridge deck in steel S355 – pylons in precast concrete C50/60

长度/Length:105m

跨距/Span:18.9m（可移动跨距/Span mobile part:11m）宽度/Width:4m

钢结构/Structural Steel:130t

造价/Cost:€1,800,000

建造时间/Construction Year:2012

摄影/Photos:Stijn Bollaert(fig.1,5,11,12),Ney & Partners(fig.8)

1 实景/Bridge view

2 飞鸟概念/Concept of flying birds

3 平面/Plan

4 横剖面/Cross section

5　实景/Bridge view

6　立面（开启时）/Elevation(open position)

7 栏杆剖面/Railing section

8 栏杆细部/Railing detail

9 详图/Detail drawing

10 立面（关闭时）/Elevation(close position)

评论

窦平平：弗卢希特哈文步行桥紧贴水面，如漂浮一般。它的形态模拟飞行中的苍鹭翅膀和水波，达到了一种隐喻式的“轻”。为什么说是隐喻式的“轻”呢？因为这样的“轻”更多是由远观时感知得到，而并非在沉浸其中时体验得到。从桥上穿过，人们会体会到两岸之间直线连接带来的便捷，桥面与水岸无高差变化带来的平滑，和桥面材料性能带来的牢固感。扶手不设横向杆件，于是纵柱间的空隙每每让步行者有一种接近水面的触感，而骑行者则会感受到栏杆阵列形成的波浪形态。高强度低维护的抗腐蚀钢材桥身与周边环境交相辉映，让桥身更显轻薄。

Comments

DOU Pingping:The Vluchthaven footbridge "floats" closely over the river.By mimicking the shape of a heron's wings during flight and water waves,the bridge achieves metaphoric lightness.It is metaphoric lightness in the sense that such lightness is to be perceived from a distance rather than to be immersed in and felt.When crossing the bridge,one enjoys the efficiency offered by direct connection,the smoothness created by minimal level difference between the bankside and the bridge,and the firmness created by the material performance of the decking.The railing that consists of only vertical balusters invites pedestrians to make tangible contact with the water through the gaps,whereas cyclists would sense the continuous weave of the whole.The high-strength,low-maintenance steel with anti-corrosion protection blends well with the surroundings and makes the bridge appear thinner than it is.

范路：弗卢希特哈文步行桥分量不轻但却姿态轻盈。混凝土桥墩和整体雕塑般的金属桥身坚实地坐落在水面上，毫不含糊地给桥上行人提供安全感。另一方面，桥身姿态翩若飞鸿，仿佛要脱离桥墩支撑。而波浪起伏状的竖杆护栏，使行走桥上如凌波微步一般。最后，桥两端方盒子大楼的厚重感，进一步衬托了桥体的轻盈姿态。

FAN Lu:Vluchthaven Footbridge is of big shape but with lightsome posture.Concrete supports and the whole sculpted bridge deck stand firmly above the water,which make passers-by feel safe.Meanwhile,the shape of the bridge deck similar to the elegant movement of a heron's wings during flight provides us a feeling that the deck would fly away from the bridge supports.The light wave shape is used in railing design which makes passers-by feel like sliding over the water when walking on the bridge.Finally,the lightsome posture of the bridge is set off by the visual weight of box-like buildings on both ends of the bridge.