杨 咏YANG Yong



对陕西省女子举重运动员朱丁梅抓举技术的运动学分析
Kinematic Analysis of Snatching of Female Weightlifter-Zhu Dingmei in Shaanxi Province

杨 咏
YANG Yong

摘 要：方法：运用高速摄相和三维运动解析的方法对运动员的抓举技术进行研究。目的：通过对运动员朱丁梅抓举技术的分析找出运动员技术上存在的不足并进行改进，帮助运动员取得更好的成绩。 结果表明：（1）运动员膝关节角、髋关节角比较合理，在发力阶段伸髋不充分。（2）杠铃的运动轨迹偏向后方，没有呈现近似s型，运动员发力时有明显的后跳动作。（3）各阶段时间比和杠铃上升高度比整体较合理，精细化程度不够。结论：（1）发力阶段伸髋不充分影响了运动员的成绩。（2）两心向运动员后上方偏移，抓举技术动作不符合“近”的原则。（3）运动员在抓举90kg时过早发力，当杠铃高度达到最高点时杠铃在支撑点后方不利于支撑，导致后掉失败。（4）抓举的总体节奏较好但是精细化程度还不够。（5）对运动员的后跳动作不予以纠正。

关键词：举重运动员；抓举技术；运动学分析

作者单位：陕西师范大学体育学院，陕西 西安，710119。Institute of P.E., Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an Shaanxi, 710119, China.

Abstract:Methodology: Videoed by high-speed video camera and analyzed by SIMI-motion video analysis system made in Germany. Purpose: To find out the lack of skills to fix by analyze the snatching of female weightlifter, and to improve the athletic performance. Results: (1) The angles of athlete's knee and hip are reasonable; the extension of hip joint is not enough in force stage. (2) The trajectory of the barbell is backward without approximate S; the athlete has an action of back jump obviously during forcing. (3) The time ratio and height ratio of barbell in every stage are generally reasonable, but not detailed .Conclusion: (1) The insufficiency hip extension in develop stage limited the improvement of score. (2) 2 hearts offset rear athlete, snatching skill does not conform to the close principle. (3) In the snatch of 90kg, the athlete forced prematurely. When the barbell reached the highest point, the support spot is behind the barbell that is not conducive to support, that lead to fall in the failure. (4) Overall rhythm is good but snatch fine degree is not enough. (5) Do not correct the jumping backward action of the athlete.

Key words:Weightlifter; Snatch; Kinematic analysis

2014年12月31日，由中国大学生体育协会、国家体育局举摔柔运动管理中心主办，西南大学和重庆市体育局联合承办的2014年“体彩杯”全国大学生举重锦标赛中，朱丁梅获得女子58kg级别的抓举、挺举、硬拉、深蹲和总成绩等所有10项冠军。用生物力学、运动学、生理学的方法对举重技术进行分析的重要手段。在借鉴前人的相关研究成果基础之上对运动员的抓举技术动作进行的。采用高速摄像和三维运动解析方法对抓举技术进行分析，目的是通过对运动员抓举技术分析，找到技术上存在的不足，通过对技术的改进提高成绩。……