西南地区少数民族青少年身体素质动态分析Dynamic Analysis Physical Quality of Minority Adolescents in Southwest China
2016-03-21王玉洪WANGYuhong
王玉洪WANG Yuhong
西南地区少数民族青少年身体素质动态分析
Dynamic Analysis Physical Quality of Minority Adolescents in Southwest China
王玉洪
WANG Yuhong
摘 要:对西南地区5个世居少数民族青少年2000年和2010年10年间身体素质指标进行纵向对比分析,结果表明:(1)速度素质土族、藏族男生和藏族女生在提高,其他民族男女生均有所下降;(2)各民族男女青少年下肢力量素质都有所提高,男生上肢力量素质和女生腰腹力量素质除藏族外,其他民族具有随着年龄增长而下降的趋势;(3)耐力素质低年龄段的青少年在提高,高年龄段的青少年在下降,藏族男女青少年耐力素质优于其他民族;(4)随着年龄增长,各民族青少年身体素质仍然有下降的趋势。
关键词:西南地区;少数民族;青少年;身体素质;动态分析
作者单位:昆明学院体育学院,云南 昆明,650214。Institute of P.E., Kunming University, Kunming Yunnan, 650214, China.
Abstract:A longitudinal comparative analysis of the physical fitness index between 5 and 10 years in 2000 and 2010, the results showed that: (1) speed quality Turkish boys, Tibetan boys and the Tibetan girls in improving and other national male and female student declined; (2) of all ethnic groups of young men and women of the lower limbs strength quality are improved, male upper body strength quality and girls limbo abdominal strength quality in addition to the Tibetan and other ethnic groups showed a trend of decline with age; (3) the National Youth endurance has low age in improving, high age in a downward trend, Tibetan adolescents endurance quality is superior to other nations; (4) along with the growth of the age, the national youth physical quality is still a downward trend.
Key words:Southwest areas; Minority; Adolescents; Physical quality; Dynamic analysis
身体素质是体质的重要组成部分,是人体从事体育运动、工作和生活中所表现出来的速度、力量、耐力、灵敏、柔韧等机能能力。身体素质可以用来衡量人体体质强弱和运动机能能力。在国外,一些国家将身体素质概括为两个方面:与健康相关的身体素质和与完成运动动作相关的身体素质。由此可见,身体素质不仅与人的健康水平、工作和生活效能密切相关,而且关系到人体的运动能力和水平,它是掌握运动技能和提高运动成绩的基础。身体素质的水平因人而异,而同一个人在不同年龄和不同条件下也会发生变化,变化的形式主要有自然增长、自然减退和训练增长[1]。身体素质伴随个人成长而提高,随个人衰老而下降,但教育、锻炼行为和生活方式等多方面的因素会对这一过程产生较大的影响[2]。……
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