苟建华　彭昌家　白体坤　李鸿涛　李艳辉

摘 要：为减轻番茄病毒病的发生危害，减少化学农药用量、残留和环境污染，该文采用测报调查、随机区组设计和统计分析等方法，开展了生物农药香菇多糖+赤·吲乙·芸薹（碧护）和宁南霉素+赤·吲乙·芸薹防治番茄病毒病田间药效试验。结果表明：在温室大棚秋季番茄病毒病发生较重情况下，每667m2用0.5%香菇多糖水剂 200mL+碧护可湿性粉剂 40g、8%宁南霉素水剂60mL+碧护可湿性粉剂40g，7d施药1次，连续施用4次，药后10、17、26、35d，防治效果均在88%、87%、78%和67%以上，且2药剂防治效果差异不显著，香菇多糖+碧护极显著高于盐酸吗啉胍（对照药剂）+碧护，宁南霉素+碧护显著高于盐酸吗啉胍+碧护。因此，香菇多糖+碧护和宁南霉素+碧护不仅可以作为防治病毒病的理想药剂，而且可以作为现代农业示范区、无公害农产品、绿色农产品和有机农产品防治病毒病的理想药剂。

关键词：番茄病毒病；生物农药；香菇多糖；宁南霉素；赤·吲乙·芸薹；防治效果

中图分类号 S436.412.1+1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2016）05-61-04

Abstract：In order to alleviate the damage of tomato virus diseases， reduce chemical pesticide consumption and residue， and prevent environmental pollution， the methods of forecasting， randomized block design and statistical analysis were used in field efficacy tests of two biological pesticides of Lentinan +gibberellin-heteroauxin-brassinolide （GHB） and Ningnanmycin +GHB. The results showed that，when the autumn tomato virus disease was serious， 0.5% Lentinan AS 200mL +GHB WP 40g and 8% Ningnanmycin AS 60mL +GHB WP40g per 667m2 were applied for 4 times，once in 7 days， and the control effects on the 10th ，17th ，26th and 35th day were above 88%， 87%， 78% and 67%. The difference between the two biological pesticides was not signitiicant， while the control effect of Lentinan +GHB was significantly higher than that ofmoroxydine hydrochloride（CK）+GHB，and the control effect of Ningnanmycin+GHB was significantly higher than that ofmoroxydine hydrochloride+GHB.These results indicated that Lentinan +GHB and Ningnanmycin+GHB were the ideal biological pesticides，which could be used not only controlling tomato virus diseases， but also for realizing modern， pollution-frce， green and organic agricultural production.

Key words：Tomato virus disease；Biological pesticide； Lentinan；Ningnanmycin；Gibberellin-heteroauxin-brassinolide；Control effect

番茄病毒病是番茄生产中的重要病害之一，在全国各地都有发生，尤其以秋番茄受害更重，发病率一般在10%～30%，严重时高达50%～70%，最重时可达100%，使产量损失较大，对番茄栽培构成严重威胁[1-6]。目前，随着设施农业的发展，病毒病在经济作物上的危害愈来愈重，植物病毒数量多（主要有花叶型、蕨叶型、条斑型、巨芽型、卷叶型、黄顶型等）、危害面广、经济损失大而且难以防治[7-8]，2000年前防治病毒病的有效药剂相对较少，且药效一般在30%～60%，难以有效控制病毒病的危害，需要新的防治病毒病的药剂[8]。……