郭年琴+林通

摘要：针对搅拌筒在工作过程中存在前端板与前锥段焊接部位焊缝开裂及支撑托轮破坏等问题，利用有限元分析软件ANSYS与Workbench对搅拌车制动和卸料工况进行了静力分析，得出了2种工况下搅拌筒的受力和变形规律，找出了搅拌筒结构的薄弱部位。以搅拌筒质量为目标函数对其结构和主要尺寸进行优化，并根据优化结果选出了较为理想的搅拌筒尺寸。优化后的筒体总重量降低了14.02%，强度和刚度均得到了提高，解决了轨轮式混凝土输送车搅拌筒焊缝开裂及支撑托轮破坏等问题，对产品结构改进设计、降低制造成本具有一定的参考价值。

关键词：混凝土输送车；搅拌筒；优化设计；静力学分析

中图分类号：U457文献标志码：B

Abstract： In order to find out the causes of supporting roller damage and weld cracking at the position of front panel and front cone in mixing drum， statical analysis of the working process of braking and unloading was conducted by using the software of ANSYS Workbench. According to the simulation， the rule of force and deformation in different cases was obtained， and the weakest spot of the mixing drum was found. Taking the body mass as objective function， the main dimensions and structure were optimized. Compared with original design， the mass of mixing drum was reduced by 1402%. The simulation results show that the optimization could improve the structural strength and stiffness， solve the problems such as weld cracking and supporting roller damage. Research results provide reference for structural improvement design and help to reduce the manufacturing cost.

Key words： concrete mixing truck； mixing drum； optimization design； statical analysis

0引言

轨轮式混凝土输送车是一种特殊的混凝土运输车，其工作原理与普通的混凝土运输车基本相同，利用电机车牵引的轨轮式混凝土运输车有效地解决了隧洞井巷内部混凝土运输的问题。搅拌筒是混凝土搅拌车的核心部件，它既是搅拌车运送混凝土的装载工具，也是搅拌混凝土的工作装置，其性能的优劣直接关系着工程质量的好坏[12]。在运行过程中，搅拌筒不但要承受来自混凝土质量造成的弯矩，而且还有来自搅拌筒回转的转矩和搅拌筒内部的混凝土运动时作用在沿搅拌筒轴线和周线方向的作用力。实际使用过程中，搅拌筒存在前端板与前锥段焊接部位焊缝开裂及支撑托轮破坏等问题[3]。……