龚国臣　熊莉　谌湘泽　汤建国

摘要：应用一系列棉花病虫害绿色防控技术在江西省彭泽县的3个乡镇5个村进行示范。结果表明：示范田病虫为害损失率在4.5%以内，农药残留未超标；示范田比非示范区农药利用率提高10%、化学农药用量减少21.21%、生物农药用量增加29.17%、 社会、生态和经济效益均显著提高。

关键词：棉花；病虫害；绿色防控；效益分析

中图分类号： S435.62 文献标识码： B 文章编号：2095-3143（2016）01-0055-03

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.2095-3143.2016.01.013

Abstract： The demonstration using a series of green prevention-control technologies on cotton diseases and insect pests was carried out in three towns and five village of Jiangxi Pengze. The results showed that the loss rate of diseases and insect pests in demonstration field was within 4.5%， the pesticide residue was not overweight； the pesticide utilization in demonstration field increased by 10% than in non-demonstration field， chemical pesticide consumption reduced by 21.21%， biological pesticide consumption increased by 29.17，the social， ecological and economic benefits were improved significantly.

Key words： Cotton； Diseases and insect pests； Green prvention-control； Benefit analysis

0 引言

2014～2015年，江西省彭泽县农业局在杨梓镇等3个乡镇5个村进行了棉花统防统治与绿色防控融合防治病虫害技术示范，作者通过其与非示范区的常规防治病虫害技术对比，从经济效益、社会效益和生态效益三方面着手分析，探讨棉花统防统治与绿色防控技术的效益和可行性。旨在为绿色防控技术寻找支撑点，提高棉花乃至其他作物病虫害绿色防控技术覆盖率。

1 基本情况

在彭泽县选择了杨梓镇等3个乡镇5个村为棉花病虫害绿色防控技术示范点。核心区示范面积共346.7hm2，辐射带动面积3400 hm2，实施病虫害绿色防控技术。示范区主要选用转基因抗虫棉品种，采用轻简化育苗防病虫害技术、理化诱杀害虫技术、栽培措施防治病虫害技术、生物农药防治病虫害技术、高效对路农药在害虫发生高峰期压杀防治病虫害技术等专业化统防统治防治病虫害技术，各技术的实施方法详见参考文献[1]。以周边村常规防治病虫害技术为对照。统计结果表明：示范区病虫为害损失率在4.5%以内，农药残留未超标；……