实验产生超分辨光学聚焦暗斑
2016-03-04姜利平刘玲玲朱厚飞王海凤
姜利平++刘玲玲++朱厚飞++王海凤



摘要:
用二元相位器件调制角向偏振激光光束,然后用高数值孔径物镜聚焦,在实验上产生了一个超分辨光学聚焦暗斑。二元相位器件的调制作用是通过让角向偏振光束经一块刻有多环同心环状凹槽的玻璃基板实现的。用刀口法检测了焦点附近的3D光束分布特性,得到了尺寸是0.32 λ且在4 λ左右的长度内保持不变的超分辨暗斑。这样的光学聚焦暗斑可能会应用于超分辨显微技术和光学捕获。
关键词:
光学设计及制作; 二元光学器件; 光电探测器; 偏振态
中图分类号: O 432 文献标志码: A doi: 10.3969/j.issn.10055630.2016.01.007
Experimental generation of a superresolution optical dark focused spot
JIANG Liping, LIU Lingling, ZHU Houfei, WANG Haifeng
(School of OpticalElectrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for
Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)
Abstract:
We generate a superresolution optical dark focused spot by tightly focusing a binary phase modulated azimuthally polarized laser beam. The binary phase modulation is realized by letting the azimuthally polarized light pass through a glass substrate with multibelt concentric ring grooves. We also characterize the 3D beam profile by using knifeedge method. The size of the superresolution dark spot is found to be 0.32 λ, which remains unchanged for ~4 λ within the tube. Thus optical spot may find applications in superresolution microscopy and optical trapping.
Keywords: optical design and fabrication; binary optics; photodetector; polarization
引 言
超分辨聚焦光斑广泛应用于扫描光学显微技术。在受激发射损耗(STED)显微镜[12]中既有聚焦亮光斑也有聚焦暗光斑,其中聚焦亮光斑用作显微镜中的激发光源,激发荧光分子;聚焦暗光斑用作显微镜中的抑制光源,抑制边缘荧光分子发射荧光,当二者结合在一起时便可得到纳米量级的有效光斑。聚焦暗光斑的尺寸越小,有效光斑的尺寸也就越小。对于聚焦亮光斑,研究最多的是径向偏振光束通过高数值孔径(NA)聚焦后得到超分辨的亮斑,尺寸接近衍射极限为0.36 λ[35]。对于聚焦暗光斑的产生方法有很多,有径向偏振光加涡旋后聚焦或者圆偏振光加一阶或二阶涡旋后再聚焦得到,而效果相对较好的要数角向偏振光聚焦后得到的暗斑,目前理论计算达到的水平为半峰值全宽度(FWHM)为0.29 λ[67]。为了减小有效光斑的尺寸并实现超分辨,单纯地靠角向偏振光束聚焦后得到的暗斑远远不够,需要对角向偏振光束的相位或振幅进行调节。……
