李崇勇 邓香中 张 光

（中国石油辽阳石化公司机械厂 辽阳 111003）



解读不锈钢管壳式换热器管板结构

李崇勇 邓香中 张 光

（中国石油辽阳石化公司机械厂 辽阳 111003）

摘 要：管板系管壳式换热器的主要受压元件，承受管/壳程两侧介质的压力与温度及腐蚀作用。随着炼油化工装置长周期运行应用不锈钢管壳式换热器或不锈钢管束更换碳钢管束的增多，管板的不锈钢结构形式则成为设计关注的焦点，并由此影响换热器制造的可靠性与使用的安全性。以不锈钢管壳式换热器制造的实例，评析3种管板的不锈钢结构形式，结果发现，设计已打破常规观念，倾向于整体不锈钢管板的工程应用。由此，给出了不锈钢管壳式换热器管板结构选择的建议。

关键词：管板 不锈钢 管壳式换热器

Interpretation of Tubesheet Construction for Stainless Steel Tubular Heat Exchangers

Li Chongyong Deng Xiangzhong Zhang Guang
(Petrochina Liaoyang Petrochemical Company Machinery Factory Liaoyang 111003)

Abstract Tubesheet, as a main pressure component for tubular heat exchanger, is subjected to pressure, temperature and corrosion for both tube and shell side medium. As more and more stainless steel tubular heat exchanger or stainless steel tube bundle in lieu of carbon steel tube bundle is applied in the long period operation of petrochemical units, stainless steel tubesheet construction is increasingly a focus for design. And it’s affecting the reliability of the manufacturing and the security of the use for heat exchanger. Take stainless steel tubular heat exchanger manufacturing as an example, three kinds of stainless steel tubesheet construction are reviewed. The result found that its designers have broken down conventional ideas, and tend to use integral stainless steel tubesheet for engineering. The paper gives the suggestion about how to choose the tubesheet construction for stainless steel tubular heat exchanger.

Keywords Tubesheet Stainless steel Tubular heat exchanger

在不锈钢管壳式换热器建造中，由于相关标准[1-3]没有对管板的结构形式明确规定，致使设计面临管板结构的选择：整体不锈钢管板或“碳钢或低合金钢”复合或堆焊不锈钢管板。而制造同样要面对非整体不锈钢管板的困扰：碳钢或低合金钢复合不锈钢管板的采购及入厂复验发现未结合区的处理；或碳钢或低合金钢堆焊不锈钢管板的繁杂工艺及翘曲变形导致的复层厚度不均匀等问题。可能设计在选择中发现计算厚度整体不锈钢管板与碳钢或低合金钢复合或堆焊不锈钢管板相差不够悬殊或管板厚度不厚时，直接选择整体不锈钢管板不仅利好长期使用的安全可靠以及尚可省去复合或堆焊相应技术要求的提出，而且更利好制造的简约以及使用维修的方便。……