俞金芳山东省德州市立医院普外科，山东德州　253000

山东省德州市某社区妇女乳癌认知度及乳腺自检状况分析

俞金芳
山东省德州市立医院普外科，山东德州253000

目的 了解山东省德州市某社区妇女对乳腺癌知识的认知程度和乳腺自检现状，为今后防治乳腺疾病，预防乳腺癌制定相应的措施提供依据，提高社区妇女的生活质量。方法 采用统一问卷，对200例成年妇女乳腺自查的相关知识和获取乳腺健康知识的途径等进行调查。结果36.7%的妇女了解乳腺癌的早期症状，16.8%的妇女认为肥胖和年龄是乳腺癌高危因素，37.5%的社区妇女每年到医院进行乳房检查，乳房自检率为33.3%，仅有11.8的妇女乳腺癌知识来源于社区健康教育者。结论 该社区妇女对乳腺癌知识的认知程度和乳房自检率较低，乳腺癌早期诊断意识差，应提高社区妇女对乳腺癌早诊断、早治疗、早预防的意识和水平，并加大卫生行政部门对社区卫生机构的投入与支持力度，通过乳腺相关知识的普及让社区妇女建立良好的健康行为。

社区妇女；乳腺癌；认知程度；调查

［Abstract］Objective To provide basis for making corresponding measures of preventing breast cancer and preventing and curing breast disease in future and improve the quality of life of community women by knowing the awareness of breast cancer knowledge and breast self-examination status of community women.Methods The breast self-examination relevant knowledge and way to obtain breast health knowledge of 200 cases of adult women were randomly surveyed by questionnaire.Results 36.7%women knew the early symptoms of breast cancer，16.8%women supposed the obsesity and age were the high-risk factors of breast cancer，37.5%community women went to the hospital for breast examination，and the selfexamination rate was 33.3%，and the breast cancer knowledge of only 11.8%came from the community health educators. Conclusion The awareness and breast self-examination rate are low in community women from Dezhou city of Shangdong Province，and the early diagnosis awareness of breast cancer is worse，and we should improve the awareness and level of early diagnosis，early treatment and early prevention of community women and increase the investment and support of health administrative departments to community health agencies.

［Key words］Community women；Breast cancer；Awareness；Survey

从世界范围看，我国是乳腺癌低发国家。但随着经济的快速发展和人们生活水平的提高，一些不良健康生活方式的改变，使得乳腺癌发病率呈逐年上升趋势，并朝着年轻化方向发展。据我国抗癌协会公布的数字，我国乳腺癌近10年增加了3%～5%，其年均增长更是高出全球1～2个百分点，形势较为严峻［1］。尽管乳腺癌手术、放疗及化疗等医疗技术有了很大的改进，但乳腺癌死亡率在过去的40年却一直维持在较高的水平，究其原因是有2/3的患者在诊断时病变已属晚期，延误了最佳治疗期，增加了死亡率，也加剧了人们对乳腺癌的恐惧感和绝望感。……