张凡凡，于磊,2*，马春晖，张前兵，鲁为华,2

(1.石河子大学动物科技学院，新疆 石河子 832000；2.新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室，新疆 石河子 832000)

绿洲区滴灌条件下施磷对紫花苜蓿生产性能及品质的影响

张凡凡1，于磊1,2*，马春晖1，张前兵1，鲁为华1,2

(1.石河子大学动物科技学院，新疆 石河子 832000；2.新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室，新疆 石河子 832000)

摘要：为提高滴灌条件下紫花苜蓿的生产性能及营养品质，对北疆绿洲区滴灌条件下两个品种紫花苜蓿开展施磷的研究。设置一次性施180 kg/hm2磷肥(L1)、一次性施360 kg/hm2磷肥(H1)、分次施180 kg/hm2磷肥(L2)、分次施360 kg/hm2磷肥(H2)及不施肥(CK)5个处理，通过对其生产性能和营养品质进行测定。结果表明，不同施磷模式对新牧2号第1茬干草产量、生长速度、叶茎比及第3茬株高有显著影响(P<0.05)，对三得利第3茬干草产量、生长速度有显著影响(P<0.05)，对其余各生产性能相关指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。不同施磷模式对新牧2号各茬次粗蛋白、粗纤维及第1茬粗灰分有显著影响(P<0.05)，对三得利第1，3茬粗灰分有显著影响(P<0.05)，对其余各营养品质相关指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。采取模糊相似优先比分析法综合生产性能及品质的各项指标，得到新牧2号和三得利的最佳施磷模式，按优劣排序为H1>L1>H2>L2>CK。

关键词：紫花苜蓿；滴灌；磷肥；生产性能；营养品质；相似优先比分析

Effect of phosphorus application under drip irrigation on the productivity and quality of alfalfa in Northern Xinjiang

ZHANG Fan-Fan1, YU Lei1,2*, MA Chun-Hui1, ZHANG Qian-Bing1, LU Wei-Hua1,2

1.CollegeofAnimalScience&Technology,ShiheziUniversity,Shihezi832000,China; 2.KeyLaboratoryofOasisEcologyAgricultureofXinjiangProduction&ConstructionGroups,ShiheziUniversity,Shihezi832000,China

Abstract:In order to improve the productivity and nutritional value of alfalfa under drip irrigation, this study compared two varieties of alfalfa (Xinmu No.2, Sanditi) with different patterns of phosphorus application under drip irrigation in oasis area of northern Xinjiang. Five fertilizer treatments were established, 180 kg/ha phosphate fertilizer (L1), 360 kg/ha phosphate fertilizer (H1), 180 kg/ha phosphate fertilizer split application (L2), 360 kg/ha phosphate fertilizer split application (H2) and no phosphate fertilizer (control). The results show that different patterns of phosphorus application influence hay production, growth speed, leaf-stem ratio on first cut and plant height on third cut of Medicago sativa cv. Xinmu No.2 (P<0.05), and hay production and growth speed on third cut of M. sativa cv. Sanditi (P<0.05), and they have no significant influence on other indicators of productivity(P>0.05). And different patterns of phosphorus application influence crude protein and fibre on each crop time and crude ash on first cut of M. sativa cv. Xinmu No.2 (P<0.05), and crude ash on first and third cut of M. sativa cv. Sanditi (P<0.05), and they have no significant influence on other indicators of nutrition value (P>0.05). Application on each indicator of annual performance of two varieties of alfalfa, this test adopts similar priority ratio analysis to synthesize each indicator. And then the rank of optimum pattern of phosphorus application is H1>L1>H2>L2>CK.

Key words:alfalfa; drop irrigation; phosphate fertilize; productivity; nutrition value; similar priority ratio analysis

紫花苜蓿(Medicagosativa)是我国分布最广，栽培历史最悠久的豆科牧草，其经济价值高，生态效应好，在我国栽培草地建植中具有举足轻重的作用[1]。当前，畜牧业正处在积极发展时期，集约化养殖业的快速发展，特别是奶牛生产迫切需要大量的优质苜蓿[2]。而就当前苜蓿生产而言，大多数地区苜蓿种植模式还处在传统的生产方式，饲草生产潜能未能得到充分发挥，这与日益增长的养殖业对优质苜蓿的需求形成很大的矛盾[3]。国内外大量研究均……