新型离心叶片设计方法研究

田晓平1，田琳1，韩涛2

(1.中国飞行试验研究院发动机所，陕西西安710089；2. 中国石油西气东输管道公司，甘肃银川751500)

摘要：从控制载荷分布的思想出发，以叶片的几何角和半径的关系作为加载规律，提出了加载规律的参数化控制思想，发展了控制叶片加载规律的设计方法，使加载规律的概念更加明确、实施方法更加简单有效。为了研究不同加载规律对叶片性能的影响，首先设计了几种具有代表性的加载规律，对比各种加载规律，结果表明：中间加载规律使得叶片对气流的加功量主要集中在叶片的中部，为叶片的进、出口创造了良好的流动条件，气流比较稳定，流动损失较少，滑移系数较大，保证有足够的压比和较高的效率，抗喘振能力较强，是比较理想的加功方式。

关键词:离心叶片叶片设计加载规律参数化控制

中图分类号：TK421.8文献标识码：A

作者简介：田晓平(1984-)，男，西北工业大学工学硕士毕业，现工作于中国飞行试验研究院，发动机所。

收稿日期：2015-03-09

Research on design method of a new centrifugal impeller

TIAN Xiaoping，TIAN Lin，HAN Tao

Abstract:For centrifugal impeller, as one of the key factors which determine the impeller’s performance, the geometry shape of blade is closely related to the loading rule of the load on the blade, hence the loading rule is expressed by the relationship between the geometry angle and the radius of blade in this paper. And then based on the idea of controlling the load distribution, this paper proposes the parameterized controlling method for the loading rule, and develops the designing approach of controlling the blade loading rule, which is clearer in concept and simpler in implementation.In order to study the influence of different loading rules on the impeller performance, several representative loading rules are devised, the comparison shows that: the middle rule are relatively suitable loading rules, which make the work done by impeller gather at the middle part of blade, and then create an excellent flow condition for the blade inlet and outlet, leading to stable flow field, less flow losses and greater slip coefficient and guaranteeing sufficient pressure ratio.

Keywords:centrifugal impeller; blade design; loading rule; parameter control

0引言

离心叶片是离心压缩机至关重要的部件之一[1]，它用来压缩气体，将压气机的机械能转化为气体的内能，叶轮性能的好坏对整个压缩机有着很大的影响。离心压缩机内部气流流动相当复杂，通常是三维度的湍流流动，再加上叶片旋转和表面曲率影响常常伴有脱流、回流及二次流的现象，因而使得叶片内部气体流动变得相当复杂，这就使它成为流体工程中非常难的实验研究和数值模拟计算的问题之一[2]。……