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5kW锂电池模组BMS的研究与开发

2016-01-13甘屹陈成曾乐才

能源研究与信息 2015年2期

甘屹 陈成 曾乐才

摘 要: 设计了以MSP430为控制核心的用于5 kW锂电池管理系统(BMS).建立了关于电池荷电状态的模型,在实际估计中,采用开路电压和按时积分相结合的方法且有较高的精度;采取电池均衡充电的方案,补偿了电池容量的差异性,进而使得电池组的使用寿命延长.电池荷电状态估算的改进方案解决了按时计量法无法确定初始荷电状态、难以精准测得库仑效率等问题,确保了电池管理系统处于稳定工作状态.该系统具有抗干扰能力极强、硬件电路可靠、且十分经济的特点.经过实验验证,利用该系统进行SOC剩余容量估计的结果较为精确.

关键词: 锂电池; 电池管理系统(BMS); 电池荷电状态(SOC)估计; 均衡管理; MSP 430

中图分类号: TK 51; TP 27 文献标志码: A

Research and development of a battery management system for

a 5 kW lithium battery unit

GAN Yi1, CHEN Cheng1, ZENG Lecai2

(1.School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,

Shanghai 200093; 2.Shanghai Electic Group, Shanghai 200070, China)

Abstract: A battery management system(BMS) for 5 kW lithium battery with the microcontroller MSP430 was designed.Its state of charge model was established.The combination of amperetime integral and open circuit voltage was adopted with high precision.A new equalization method was designed to compensate the unbalance between batteries,which could lengthen the battery life.This improved state of charge estimation algorithm could resolve the problems including initial state of charge determination,accurate measurement of efficiency,and so on.And thus the BMS functioned stably.The system had the advantages of reliable circuit,economy,and antijamming.The remaining capacity estimation was accurate by using this system in the practical operations.

Keywords: lithium battery; battery management system; state of charge estimation; equalizing management; MSP 430

近年来,锂离子电池产量快速发展,应用领域不断扩大,然而,它对电压、温度和电流要求极其严格,稍有不慎就有可能导致电池受到损伤、报废,乃至燃烧或爆炸.因此,锂电池管理系统应具有的功能有:数据采集、电池荷电状态估计(电气控制、充电与放电的控制)、均衡充电、热量约束、使用安全和数据通讯等功能,由此保障电池的续航时间,使电池的使用寿命得到延长,并使电池的充电效率有效提升.德国Hauck设计的BATTMAN电池管理系统中将全部不同型号动力型电池组的管理做成一个系统,通过改动硬件的跳线和在软件上增加选择参数等方法,实现对不同型号电池组的管理.美国通用汽车公司生产的EV1电池管理……

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