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长江航道主缓流判别算法研究

2016-01-12石磊,初秀民,刘潼等

交通信息与安全 2015年4期

长江航道主缓流判别算法研究*

石磊1初秀民1▲刘潼1刘怀汉2王先登2

(1.武汉理工大学智能交通系统研究中心武汉430063;2.长江航道局武汉430014)

摘要船舶航行时充分地利用主缓流航道可以节约能源。为了更加准确地划分长江航道的主缓流航道,提出了利用k-近邻算法和P分位数法的划分方法。改进后的P分位数法采用动态选择P值的方法避免了主流区域可能过小的问题,k-近邻算法利用了测点的水深、流速等多种航道水文信息来划分主缓流。利用长江航道金口处和岳阳处的11个截面的实测数据对k-近邻算法和P分位数法进行了对比分析,其中有10个截面的主缓流区域相近。进一步对比长江航道中典型的龙口水道和杨林岩水道,发现根据算法得出的主流区宽度和实际的相比,误差在12%以内,可以满足船舶航行的需要。

关键词水路运输;主缓流分区;长江航道;k-近邻算法;P分位数法

中图分类号:U612.32文献标志码:A

收稿日期:2015-03-27修回日期:2015-04-29

基金项目*国家自然科学(批准号:61273234)、湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(批准号:2013CFA007)、交通运输部信息化技术研究项目(批准号:2013-364-548-200)资助

作者简介:第一石磊(1989-),硕士研究生.研究方向:水路运输信息化技术.E-mail:331217726@qq.com

An Algorithm for Identifying Main and

Slow Flow Channels of Yangtze River

SHI Lei1CHU Xiumin1LIU Tong1LIU Huaihan2WANG Xiandeng2

(1.IntelligentTransportSystemResearchCenter,WuhanUniversityofTechnology,Wuhan430063,China;

2.ChangjiangWaterwayBureau,Wuhan430014,China)

Abstract:Vessels which navigate on the main flow channel can save energy. In order to more accurately divide the main and slow channels of the Yangtze River, this paper proposed methods of k-nearest neighbor algorithm and P-tile method. The improved P-tile method can avoid the main stream being too small by dynamic selection of P values. The k-nearest neighbor algorithm partitions the main and slow streams with channel hydrology information, such as depths and flow velocities. With the 11 sections' data of Yueyang and Jinkou measuring stations in Yangtze River, this study compared the partition results of these two algorithms. The results showed that areas of main and slow channels at the 10 out of 11 sections were close. A further comparison with the waterways at Longkou and Yanglinyan of the Yangtze River indicated the difference of the mainstream zone width estimated from the proposed algorithms was within 12% comparing to the actual, which can meet the requirements of the ship navigation.

Key words:waterway transportation; partition of main and slow stream; Yangtze River; k-nearest neighbor algorithm; P-tile method

▲通信作者:初秀民(1969-),博士.教授.研究方向:智能交通.E-mail:chuxm@whut.edu.cn

0引言

长江是我国第一大河流,其干支流通航里程已达6.5万多km,占全国内河的52%,水运量占80%。自2005年以来,长江已经成为世界上货运量最大、运输最为繁忙的通航河流,成为名副其实的“黄金水道”。但长江航道的水流条件复杂,航行船舶为了充分的利用航道条件达到经济、节能的目的,一般船舶上行时走缓流航道,下行时走主流航道[1]。……

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