基于历史雷达轨迹分析的4D航迹规划*

马广辉张军峰▲王菲陈强

(南京航空航天大学民航学院南京211106)

摘要航空器4D航迹规划可有效解决我国当前面临的航班延误问题，并且能够加速空管自动化与智能化技术的应用与实施。因此提出了1种基于历史雷达轨迹分析的4D航迹规划方法：首先利用动态时间规整与层次聚类算法对进场历史雷达轨迹进行聚类分析,复现盛行交通流,继而根据盛行交通流和标准进场航线完成水平路径设计；其次对进场历史雷达数据统计分析，确定各进场航路点的高度/速度范围，然后基于航空器在终端区尽量保持高高度飞行的原则完成高度剖面设计；再次为使航空器可以按规定时间到达指定航路点，根据各航路点的速度范围设置合理参数，通过对参数优化调整完成所需速度剖面的设计。最后以上海浦东国际机场VMB进场场景为例进行仿真验证，平均误差为2.5s，误差率为1.9‰ 。仿真结果表明基于历史雷达轨迹分析的4D航迹规划方法可有效实现航班的准点降落，从而减少航班延误,提高终端空域运行效率。

关键词智能交通；4D航迹规划；聚类；动态时间规整；空中交通管制

中图分类号：V355文献标志码：A

收稿日期：2014-05-19修回日期：2015-07-21

基金项目*国家自然科学(批准号：71401072)、江苏省自然科学

作者简介：第一马广辉(1988-)，硕士研究生.研究方向：航迹规划及决策支持.E-mail：347335153@qq.com

A 4D Trajectory Planning method based

on Historical Radar Tracks of Air Traffic

MA GuanghuiZHANG JunfengWANG FeiCHEN Qiang

(CollegeofCivilAviation,NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,Nanjing211106,China)

Abstract:4D trajectory planning can solve flight delay problems and accelerate the implementation and application of automation and intellectualization in Air Traffic Control. 4D trajectory planning based on analysis of historical radar tracks was proposed. Historical radar tracks were clustered and analyzed by Dynamic Time Warping algorithm and Hierarchical clustering. Horizontal paths were designed based on the reproduced traffic flow and standard arrival routes. The ranges of altitudes and speeds of aircrafts were determined by statistical analysis of historical radar tracks. The altitude profiles were designed based on the principle of aircrafts should keeping high altitude as much as possible in the terminal area. Finally, the speed profiles which satisfy the scheduled time of arrivals were designed based on optimized parameters. Arrival flights to Shanghai Pudong Airport were selected as a simulation scenario as a result of the mean error of 2.5 s and the margin of error of 1.9‰. The simulation result indicates that the proposed 4D trajectory planning method can achieve flights landing punctuality, reduce flight delays and improve the efficiency of the terminal airspace.

Key words:intelligent transportation; 4D trajectory planning; clustering; Dynamic Time Warping; air traffic control

▲通信作者：张军峰(1979-)，博士，副教授.研究方向：空中交通管制自动化.E-mail：zhangjunfeng@nuaa.edu.cn

0引言

近年来，民航运输业的高速发展极大地提高了出行效率。……