闽北天然米槠种群空间分布格局研究

钟兆全

(福建省顺昌国有林场，福建 顺昌 353200)

摘要：米槠是南方集体林区优良乡土树阔叶树种之一，研究米槠种群空间分布格局对其种群的保护及合理经营利用具有重要的意义。在米槠样地调查数据的基础上，运用扩散系数(C)、丛生指数(I)、扩散指数(Iδ)、Cassie指数(Ca)、平均拥挤度与平均密度的比值)对天然米槠种群的空间分布格局进行分析。结果表明：米槠的空间分布格局总体呈聚集分布，随着样地面积的增大其分布趋势体现为无规律分布向聚集分布转变；推测米槠种群在天然条件下更新的最适面积为700~800 m`2。这是因为米槠种实较大较重，主要依靠重力传播。为更好地保护与利用，建议对米槠种群的其他结构特征进一步深入研究。

关键词：米槠；天然林；空间分布格局；聚集度指标

中图分类号：S 796

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1001-005X(2015)03-0031-04

Abstract：Castanopsis carlesii is one of the excellent native broad-leaved tree species in southern collective forest region.The study on the spatial distribution pattern is of great significance to protect and manage Castanopsis carlesii population reasonably.Based on the sample survey data of Castanopsis carlesii，the spatial distribution pattern of natural Castanopsis carlesii population was analyzed using the aggregate indices：dispersal index(C)，clumping index(I)，diffusion index(Iδ)，Cassie index(Ca)，average crowded degree and the ratio of average density(M*/ x).Results showed that the general spatial pattern of Castanopsis carlesii was aggregation distribution.The distribution pattern tended to change from irregular to aggregate with the increasing sampling area.The speculated optimum renewed area of Castanopsis carlesii is 700-800 m`2 under natural condition，which were due to the big and heavy seeds of Castanopsis carlesii that mainly dispersed by gravity.To have a better protection and utilization of Castanopsis carlesii，it is necessary to carry out further study on other structure characters of Castanopsis carlesii population.

Keywords：Castanopsis carlesii；natural forest；spatial distribution pattern；aggregation index

收稿日期：2014-11-22

基金项目：国家自然科学基金子课题(K01360001)；重点项目建设专项(6112C035H)

作者简介：第一钟兆全，高级工程师。研究方向：森林资源经营管理。E-mail：sclyzzq@163.com

Study on the Spatial Distribution Pattern of NaturalCastanopsiscarlesiiPopulation in Northern Fujian

Zhong Zhaoquan

(State-owned Forest Farm of Shunchang，Shunchang 353200，Fujian Province)

引文格式：钟兆全.闽北天然米槠种群空间分布格局研究[J].森林工程，2015，31(3)：31-34.

种群空间分布格局对种群个体在水平空间上的配置或分布状况的研究，与种群特性、种群关系和环境条件密切相关，是种群对环境长期适应和选择的结果，因而种群空间格局通常反映了一定环境因素对个体行为、生存和生长的影响[1]。种群生态空间分布是对其生态分析的重要内容，正确描述它们空间分布模型对判定植物分布规律，掌握其过程演化及预测变化趋势均有重要意义[2]。……