不同弹头形式的易碎弹冲击航空有机玻璃的数值分析

荣吉利1，诸葛迅1，李健2，项大林1，林贤坤2

(1.北京理工大学宇航学院，北京100081； 2.广西科技大学广西汽车零部件与整车技术重点实验室，广西柳州 545006)

摘要：利用霍普金森杆(SHPB)实验方法，针对由金属与硫混合而成的易碎弹复合材料及某航空有机玻璃材料，测得了不同应变率下两种材料的动态力学参数。根据实验数据拟合给出易碎弹与航空有机玻璃材料的Johnson-cook强度模型参数，并对参数进行数值仿真验证。在此基础上，利用AUTODYN-3D有限元程序，对具有不同弹头形式的易碎弹冲击航空有机玻璃全过程进行数值模拟，通过对比子弹的破碎效果及对航空有机玻璃的毁伤效果，分析总结了相关规律。结果表明：该复合材料具有较好的易碎效果；空尖易碎弹的破碎效果优于普通易碎弹，并且对航空有机玻璃的毁伤效果逊色于普通易碎弹，更加符合实际应用。

关键词：空尖易碎弹；航空有机玻璃；冲击；破碎

中图分类号:TJ012.4文献标志码：A

基金项目：973资助项目(2014CB046304);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAF09B07-02)

收稿日期：2013-11-08修改稿收到日期：2014-01-02

Numerical analysis on fragile projectile with different warheads impacting against aviation organic glass

RONGJi-li1,ZHUGEXun1,LIJian2,XIANGDa-lin1,LINXian-kun2(1. School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;2. Guangxi key laboratory of auto parts and vehicle technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology，Liuzhou 545006, China)

Abstract:Based on Hopkinson bar (SHPB) experiments, for some aviation organic glass materials and fragile projectile composite materials made of the mixture of metal and sulfur, the dynamic mechanical parameters of the two meterials were measured under different strain rates. According to the experimental data fitting, the parameters of the Johnson-Cook intensity model of fragile projectile and aviation organic glass were obtained and verified by the use of numerical simulation. On this basis, by virtue of AUTODYN-3D finite element program, the whole impact process of the fragile projectile with different forms of warhead against aviation organic glass was numerically simulated. By inspecting the crushing effect of the projectile and the damage effect on aviation organic glass, some laws were summarized. The results show that: the composite material has good fragility effect; the crushing effect of hollow pointed fragile projectile is better than that of ordinary fragile projectile, and the damage effect on aviation organic glass of the former is less than that of the latter. The hollow pointed fragile projectile is more favourable in actual applications.

Key words:hollow-poined fragile projectile; aviation organic glass; impact; fragmentation

目前广泛使用的子弹是普通钢芯弹丸,相应的研究成果也比较多，贺虎成等[1-4]基于实验与有限元模拟相结合的方法研究了钢芯弹丸侵彻不同靶板的过程，结果表明靶板的损伤和破坏是一个很复杂的问题，与靶板的材料性质密切相关。然而这种弹丸由于动能大，穿透性好，极易在击中目标后穿靶造成对周围结构或人群的二次毁伤。……