某大型工业厂房重型吊车运行荷载实测研究

柏炯

(上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司，上海200092)

摘要：大型工业厂房的桩基础不仅要承受厂房以及吊车梁等自身的恒荷载，而且同时也要承受吊车装卸运转所带来的循环活荷载。该类荷载的特点之一是每次发生的荷载值占其总荷载比例较高，另一个特点是其循环频率也较高。通过人工记录的方式对上海某造船基地切割和小型部件安装车间的重级工作制吊车运行情况进行了记录，随后进行统计、分析，建立起了适合该类工业厂房或类似工作形态吊车运行规律统计方法，并获得了适用于此类吊车循环荷载的三角波加载波形，并以规范制定的吊车工作制级别为依托建立了吊车运行规律的简化分析方法，验证了该实测统计数据的可靠性。

关键词：吊车；运行规律；循环荷载；加载波形

中图分类号:TU47文献标志码：A

基金项目：国家自然科学基金(51408451);湖北省自然科学

收稿日期：2013-11-08修改稿收到日期：2013-11-28

Sitemeasurementofloadingcharacteristicsofheavycranesinanindustrialplant

BAI Jiong(ShanghaiMunicipalEngineeringDesignInstitute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai200092,China)

Abstract:Besides the static loading of the workshop and crane beams, the cyclic loading brought about by the crane operation was applied to the pile foundation of a heavy lifting workshop. The cyclic loading has two characteristics. One is the high proportion of the cyclic loading to the total, and the other is its rather high frequency. In this study, the operation of the crane in a lifting workshop of a shipbuilding base in Shanghai was recorded and analyzed through artificial records. A statistical method suitable for analysing the crane operation rules of the shipbuilding base was established. Besides, the triangular wave was assured to be suitable for fitting the cyclic loading waveform for the crane. Furthermore, a simplified analytical method was established based on the normative crane working system level. The calculation results validate the reliability of the measured data.

Keywords:crane;travellingcharacteristics;cylicloading;loadingwaveform

随着我国造船业的迅猛发展，各大造船基地需要建造越来越多的大型工业厂房来完成日益增长的工作量。目前的造船基地所使用的大型吊车，轻则为数十吨级，重型的则可达数百吨，厂房桩基础不仅承受厂房以及吊车梁的恒荷载，而且同时也要承受吊车装卸、运行所带来的循环荷载。该类荷载的特点之一是每次发生的活荷载与占总荷载比例较高，另一个特点是荷载循环的频率也较高。……